台山市463例HIV／AIDS死亡状况分析

目的通过分析台山市HIV/AIDS死亡个案资料,探索防治措施的科学性,降低艾滋病死亡率。方法回顾性分析2007-2012年台山市HIV/AIDS死亡个案的一般人口学特征、存活时间、抗病毒治疗情况、死亡原因等。结果 2007-2012年累计HIV/AIDS死亡个案463例,其中男性占90.93%,年龄30～39岁所占比例最多（41.47%）,注射吸毒途径感染占85.53%。性途径感染者确认后2年内死亡的比例为74.55%,高于注射吸毒途径感染者的38.64%,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=25.4,P〈0.01）。死亡时为AIDS的占65.66%,当年报告为AIDS死亡的构成比例有降低的趋势。未进行CD4检测的个案占68.68%（318/463）。抗病毒治疗组病死率为10.98%,大大低于未接受抗病毒治疗组的72.63%,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=232.42,P〈0.01）。确认阳性后1年内死亡的个案占32.40%。45.39%的艾滋病病人死于艾滋病相关疾病。结论加强艾滋病哨点监测和个案的随访,做好早期诊断和及时开展抗病毒治疗是提高HIV感染者/AIDS病人存活率和生存质量的关键。

Analysis of death causes of 463 cases with HIV/AIDS in Taishan city

Objective To explore scientific prevention measures, reduce AIDS mortality rate by analyzing the death causes with HIV/AIDS. Method General demographic characteristics, survival time, antiviral treatment, causes of death were analyzed by SPSS software. Results The total of death cases with HIV/AIDS from 2007 to 2012 amounted to 463. Men accounted for 90.93%, 41.47% aged from 30 to 39 years old, transmission by drug injection accounted for 85.53%. The death rate of sexual infections after being confirmed within two years was 74.55%, higher than that of the intravenous drug users （χ^2=25.4,P〈0.01）. AIDS patients accounted for 65.66%, and the report for AIDS death proportion had a decreasing tendency. Cases never done CD4 accounted for 68.68%.Mortality rate in the treatment group was 10.98%, significantly lower than 72.63% in without treatment group （χ^2=232.42,P〈0.01）. Cases dead within a year after being confirmed accounted for 32.40%. 45.39% of AIDS patients died of AIDS-related diseases. Conclusion Strengthen AIDS sentinel surveillance and follow-up, early diagnosis and timely development of antiviral therapy were the key to improve the survival rate and life quality of people living with HIV/AIDS.