艾滋病患者骨髓培养及血培养病原体结果分析

目的了解艾滋病患者败血症的病原体分布,比较骨髓培养与血培养的阳性率。方法收集广州市第八人民医院2012年1-12月AIDS住院患者的病历资料,同时进行骨髓培养及血培养,比较两种培养方法的阳性率。结果共444例AIDS患者同时进行了骨髓培养及血培养,共141例患者骨髓培养和（或）血培养阳性,阳性率为31.76%（141/444）,其中骨髓培养阳性率为29.27%（130/444）,高于血培养阳性率23.42%（104/444）,差异有统计学意义（χ2=237.253,P=0.000）。130例骨髓培养阳性者在血培养中有37例阴性,104例血培养阳性者中有11例骨髓培养阴性;两种培养方法均为阳性者只有93例。141例阳性标本共培养出152株致病菌,分离的菌株中马尔尼菲青霉菌比例最高,占71.71%（109/152）;新型隐球菌次之,占8.55%（13/152）;金黄色葡萄球菌再次,占3.29（5/152）。结论 AIDS患者的血培养特别是骨髓培养病原菌检出率高,广东地区AIDS患者血流感染的病原体以马尔尼菲青霉菌占优势。

Analysis of the bone marrow and blood cultivated pathogens from AIDS patients

Objective To investigate the occurrence of pathogens in the bone marrow and blood cultures prepared from AIDS patients. Methods Patients information between Jan and Dee 2012 were obtained and analyzed. Bone marrow and blood cultures from the AIDS patients were analyzed for the pathogens, and the results were analyzed by the Chisquare test. Results Samples from 444 AIDS patients were analyzed. 141 bone marrow culture and（or） blood culture samples （31.76%） were found to positive. The percentage of positive bone marrow culture （29.27%, 130/444） was significantly higher than the blood culture samples （23.42%, 104/444） （X2=237.253, P=0.000）. 152 pathogens were cultured from 141 cases of positive samples. The percentage of pathogens isolated from the samples was in the order of PeniciUium marneffei （71.71%, 109/152）, Cryptococcus neoformans （8.55%, 13/152）, and Staphylococcus aureus （3.29%, 5/152）. Conclusions Most of the bone marrow cultures from the AIDS patients were found to have pathogens. Penicillium marneffei was the major pathogen found in the blood of the AIDS patients in Guangdong.