产前综合指导对促进自然分娩效果分析

目的：探究并分析产前综合指导对促进自然分娩的临床效果。方法：选取自2011年3月至2013年3月到我院就诊进行产前检查的孕妇400例作为研究对象,所有孕妇均为初产妇,年龄22～34岁,平均27.2～6.4岁,建卡孕周8～18周。采用完全随机数字表法将上述孕妇随机分为指导组和对照组,每组各200例,其中未给予产前综合指导后进行分娩的孕妇200例,即对照组;在我院产前综合指导后进行分娩的孕妇200例,即观察组。对照组孕妇给予常规孕期检查及知识指导,而观察组产前则由受过专业培训的医护人员进行产前综合指导,包括科学规范的产前检查、系统规范的孕期知识培训、孕期锻炼、分娩球操、孕期营养指导、孕期心理指导、无痛分娩指导、导乐分娩及产程指导。探讨其对剖宫产率、剖宫产中社会因素比例及巨大儿、妊娠高血压疾病、胎位异常等妊娠合并症并发症的影响。结果：观察组孕妇自然分娩的选择率为75%,明显高于对照组孕妇（51%）;两组产妇选择剖宫产的因素中社会因素所占比例较大,且观察组社会因素所占比率较对照组低,;观察组巨大儿、妊娠高血压疾病、胎位异常等妊娠合并症总发生率为15%,明显低于对照组,P〈0.05,具有统计学意义。结论：产前综合指导有助于产妇更多的掌握有关分娩过程的知识、了解分娩的过程、增加孕妇对自然分娩的信心,从而提高孕妇对自然分娩的选择率,减少剖宫产率,值得在临床上广泛推广。

Promoting effects of comprehensive prenatal guidance on natural childbirth

Objectives：To explore and analyze the promoting effects of prenatal comprehensive guidance on natural childbirth.Method：400 women with the first pregnancy who were admitted into our hospital from March 2011 to March 2013,aging from 22 to 34 years old,were selected and randomly divided into control group and ob-servation group,with 200 cases in each group.Women in the control group received routine prenatal guidance,while those in the observation group received prenatal guidance and health education from trained personnel.The effects on the cesarean section rate and the relevant social factors were discussed,as well as the pregnancy complicated diseases such as macrosomia,pregnancy induced hypertension and abnormal fetal position,etc.Results：Natural childbirth rate of the observation group was 75%,which was significantly higher than that of the control group（51%）;social factors had a great impact on the women who chose cesarean.In the observation group,the total incidence of macrosomnia,gestational hypertension,fetal abnormalities and other pregnancy complications was 15%,which was significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.05）.Conclusion：Comprehensive prenatal guidance is useful to help pregnant women to gain more knowledge and have a better understanding on the delivery process.Moreover,prenatal guidance can increase their confidence on natural childbirth and reduce the cesarean section rate.