上海市16个冷却塔水中军团菌脉冲场凝胶电泳分型及基因型监测

目的 研究上海市公共场所16个空调冷却塔水中军团菌的脉冲场凝胶电泳(PFGE)分型,并连续监测该菌基因型变化.方法 2007年5-10月连续6个月以每月1次的频率采样,从16个公共场所空调冷却塔水中分离军团菌,经血清学凝集试验、胶乳凝集试验分型后,使用PFGE技术对酶切后的军团菌全染色体DNA进行电泳获得指纹图谱,利用BioNumerics软件进行聚类分析.结果 16个冷却塔水中共分离出131株军团菌,包括嗜肺军团菌、博杰曼军团菌、米克戴德军团菌和茴香军团菌,分为52个PFGE型别,其中37个PFGE型别(71.15%)仅分布于1个冷却塔中,即为该冷却塔所特有;15个PFGE型别(28.85%)分布于2个或以上冷却塔中.16个冷却塔具有2个或以上的PFGE型,13个冷却塔(81.25%)中多次出现相同的PFGE型别.2007年6-10月连续5个月从6个冷却塔中分离出18株PFGE型为LPAs.SH0078型的军团菌.结论 冷却塔水中的军团菌基因型具有多样性和复杂性,81.25%的冷却塔水中PFGE型具有持续性,且LPAs.SH0078型广泛分布,可能为优势PFGE型.

Genotypic variability and persistence of Legionella pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns in 16 cooling towers in Shanghai, China

Objective To investigate the genotypic characteristics and persistence of Legionella pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns in 16 air-conditioner cooling towers in six different public sites of Shanghai. Methods From May to October, continuous sampling was operated once per month in 2007. Legionella strains isolated from the 16 cooling towers were confirmed by serological and latex agglutination. PFGE was applied for the fingerprinting of the isolates, while the culster results of PFGE were analyzed by BioNumerics software. Results 131 strains of Legionella were isolated, including L. pneumophila, L. bozemanae, L. micdadei and L anisa.52 distinguishable PFGE patterns were differentiated among the 16 cooling towers, with 37 patterns were owned by just one cooling tower, which was not shared with other cooling towers, while 15 patterns were shared by more than 2 cooling towers. All the cooling towers had ≥2 PFGE patterns,while in 13 cooling towers the same PFGE patterns were recovered during the six months. From June to October of 2007, 18 strains of Legionella belonging to the PFGE pattern of LPAs. SH0078 were isolated continuously from 6 cooling towers. Conclusion This study demonstrated great genotypic diversity and complexity of Legionella in cooling towers. Persistence of the PFGE patterns was observed in 81.25% of the cooling towers. The PFGE pattern of LPAs. SH0078 was distributed widely,suggesting it might be the dominate strain in Shanghai.