孕妇血型抗体效价检测的方法学探讨

目的比较分析抗人球蛋白微柱凝胶法与传统试管法测定O型孕妇血清中IgG抗A（B）效价的方法学差异.方法采用微柱凝胶抗人球方法和经典抗人球蛋白试验平行检测137例与丈夫ABO血型不合的O型孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）水平,并作方法学评价.结果 137例分析样本中,微柱凝胶法检测结果阳性率高于经典抗人球蛋白法,两种方法的差异有统计学意义（P〈0.01）.结论凝胶微柱法比传统试管法具有更高的灵敏度,判读更为准确,但高灵敏度并不意味着更高的HDN诊断效率,连续检测孕妇血清IgG抗A（B）水平和多种临床指征的综合分析是十分必要的.

Study on the Detecting Method of Valences of Serum Anti-A (B)IgG in Pregnant Women

Objective To compare the gel microcolumn assay and the conventional tube test for IgG anti-A（B）titration in pregnant women.Methods 137 blood samples of ＂O＂group pregnant women with non ＂O＂ group husbands were detected simultaneously by the conventional tube test and the gel microcolumn assay.The results were evaluated.Results The results of the 35 samples detected by gel microcolumn assay were below to 1：64,which was similar to that detected by the conventional tube test.The results of 102 samples detected by gel microcolumn assay were≥1：64,but 39 of the mare1：64 detected by the conventional tube test.The result of χ2 test indicated that there was a significant difference between the two methods（P0.01）.Conclusions The gel microcolumn assay has higher sensitivity than the conventional tube test,and easy to detect,but higher sensitivity doesn＇t mean higher diagnostic ratio in HDN.It is necessary to continually detect and multi-index analysis.