河南省霍乱地理流行病学研究

目的：探讨霍乱流行特点与地理分布的关系，进一步了解霍乱弧菌在自然界生存、繁殖的相关因素。方法：运用相关性研究、回顾性队列研究、多变量统计分析、因果判断和实验研究方法。结果：特殊的地理环境，适宜的气候条件，不良的饮食卫生习惯是构成霍乱多发疫区的重要因素；霍乱弧菌适合在总盐量、氯化物、钠离子和几丁质含量高的环境中生存。结论：控制霍乱流行的重点应放在多发疫区，预防策略是改善多发疫区的地理环境和卫生习惯，治本的措施是改造盐碱地，消除霍乱弧菌生存的有利环境，加强改水改厕力度，切断传播途径；有效地开展健康教育，改变人群不健康行为。

Studies on Geographical Epidemiology of Cholera in Henan Province

Objective: To investigate the relationship between epidemic features of cholera and the geographical distribution in order to understand the interrelated factors for survival and reproduction of vibrio cholera in the natural world.Methods: Correlation study,retrospective cohort studies,multivariate analysis,determination of cause and effect,laboratorial test .Results :Particular geographical environment,appropriate climate and unhealthy habits of diet are main factors for frequently occurring areas.It is fit for vibrio cholera to survive in the environment with high content of salt,chloride,sodium ion and chitin.Conclusion:The stress for control of cholera should be put to frequently occurring areas;for prevention of the disease,the stretagy is to improve geographical environment and to change the residents hygienic behaviour;and the foundamental measures are to improve saline alkali soil so as to eliminate helpful environment for survival of vibrio cholera,to promote improvement of water and latrines so as to cut off contamination route,and to carry out effective health education so as to change residentsunhealthy behaviours.