舟山渔民膳食营养及肥胖现况研究

目的　为了解舟山渔民膳食营养及肥胖状况以探讨营养相关性慢性病的防治措施。方法　于1983年、 1993年、 1998年分别对舟山渔民自然人群随机抽取约 10 0 0人作身高、体重测定 ,并在 1993年、1998年对其中约 10 0人作 2 4小时回顾法膳食调查。结果　 5年来渔民蛋白质、脂肪摄入增多 ,糖类减少 ;10年来渔民动物性食物、植物油摄入增多 ,主食类摄入减少 ;近 2 0年渔民超重率从 6 5 %上升到 2 0 9%。结论　渔民膳食结构不合理及超重率增加是舟山地区严重的健康问题 ,加强干预已迫在眉睫。

A survey on dietary nutritional status and obesity in fishermen of Zhoushan Islands

Objective To understand the relationship of dietary nutritional status and obesity in fishermen. Methods In 1983, 1993 and 1998, about 1,000 fishermen of Zhoushan Islands for each year was randomly selected and measured for the heights and weights. The daily intakes of dietary nutrients were investigated by 24-hours retrospective method in 100 fishermen each for 1993 and 1998 respectively. Results about the past 5 years, the intakes of protein and fat by fishermen increased and that of carbohydrate decreased. In the past 10 years, the intakes of animal foodstuff and vegetable oil increased; that of main foods decreased. Overweight rate of fishermen was increased from 6.5% to 20.9% in the past 20 years. Conclusion The irrationality of dietary structure and the increasing of overweight in the fishermen are a serious health issue in Zhoushan Islands. It is urgent to give some suitable intervention.