426例出生缺陷儿产前超声诊断分析

目的探讨我院分娩的出生缺陷儿临床类型与产前超声诊断分析,为孕期早期诊断出生缺陷提供科学依据。方法回顾性分析我院2001年至2009年共分娩28 311例,出生缺陷儿426例,发生率15‰,产前超声诊断269例,（检出率63.1%）,我院采取产科超声检查三个重点时间段进行筛查（孕龄10-14周,22-26周及32-36周）检测胎儿发育情况。结果孕龄14-27周超声检查出生缺陷人工终止妊娠92例（21.59%）,出生缺陷发生率前五位依次为：神经管畸形（21.8%）,唇腭裂（16.9%）,多指并指（趾）畸形（10.01%）,胎儿水肿（9.85%）,外耳畸形（4.22%）,产前超声检出率分别为：95.69%,50.72%,9.30%,80.95%,0,结论产前超声诊断除神经管畸形,胎儿水肿,唇腭裂外,其它发病率较高的畸形超声检出率较底,因此加强产前诊断人员的技术培训,提高超声诊断技术水平,是提高人口素质降低出生缺陷的重要措施。

Cases study on 426 birth defects monitoring

Objective: Study the birth defects type and the prebirth monitoring result at the hospital in order to improve the diagnosis of birth defects.Methord: All toghter there are 28 311 births at the hospital,and 426 birth defects were found.The frequency is 1.5%.426 cases were diagnosed by prebirth monitoring(63.1%).The monitoring was done at three key points of the pregnancy.(10-14 week,22-26 week,32-36week).Results: 92 birth defects cases were found and the pregnancy terminated.The most likely occurred five birth defects are neural tube defects(21.8%),cheilopalatognathus(16.9%),polysyndactyly(10.01%),fetus edema(9.85%),deformity of external ear(4.22%).And the monitoring diagnosis rate are: 95.69%,50.72%,9.30%,80.95%,0.Conclusion: the monitoring diagnosis rate of birth defects is low except neural tube defects,fetus edema and cheilopalatognathus.Therefor,improving the successful diagnosis of birth diagnosis throught technology and training is essential for population quality development.