1997-2004年儿科住院病例疾病谱及死亡原因分析

目的 了解儿科疾病谱及死亡原因的年代变化趋势,为做好儿童疾病医疗和预防保健工作提供科学依据,以进一步有针对性地提高儿科医疗质量,降低医院内小儿病死率.方法 回顾性研究及卡方检验.结果 1997-2004年前后4年病死率比较,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01),病死率下降了0.7个百分点;支气管肺炎居疾病谱中第1位,占儿科住院总人数的16%,腹泻病居第2位,支原体感染、病毒性脑炎、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病、原发性血小板减少性紫癜、支气管哮喘有逐年增加趋势.结论 支气管肺炎、腹泻病、上呼吸道感染、病毒性脑炎、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病、支原体感染、原发性血小板减少性紫癜、母乳性黄疸、支气管哮喘为近4年疾病谱中主要疾病.先天性心脏病并重症肺炎、新生儿缺氧缺血性脑病、早产儿、新生儿败血症、新生儿颅内出血为主要死亡原因.因此,应了解儿科疾病谱的变化规律,更好的指导儿科治疗.

Analyses on spectrum of disease and cause of death in children of inpatients (1997-2004)

Objective To describe trends of the spectrum of disease and the cause of death with time, to provide a scientific basis for medical treatment and health service in children. Methods Retrospective analysis and chi-square criterion.Results This study indicated that the case fatality of latter 4 years were lower than that of the former 4 years. In spectrum of disease, bronchial pneumonia was in the first place, second was diarrhea disease, and mycoplasma infection, viral encephalitis, HIE, ITP, bronchial asthma were increase year by year.Conclusion We can concluded that bronchial pneumonia, diarrhea disease, mycoplasma infection, viral encephalitis, HIE, ITP, breast-feeding jaundice,bronchial asthma were the principal disease in the last 4 years. And congenital cardiopathy complicated by pneumonia, HIE, premature infant, septicemia of newborn, intracranial hemorrhage of newborn were the main causes of death in the last 4 years.