Alzheimer病的临床特点及护理

Alzhcimer病（AD）是一组原因未明的原发性退行性脑变性疾病，具有特征性神经病理和化学改变，以痴呆为主要临床表现，AD的核心症状主要是记忆障碍，认知障碍，语言障碍，视觉性空间障碍，失认，失用，运动障碍，其伴随的精神症状主要有情感淡漠，抑郁，焦虑幻觉，妄想，人格改变，AD病人的核心症状随时间的推移逐渐加重，而伴随的精神症状随时间的推移无明显加重，AD病人，早期应做好心理护理，给予适当的情感和精神支持。中期应注意安全护理，生活护理，能力训练，给药护理及精神症状的护理，晚期要加强基础护理，预防各种并发症的发生。

The Clinical Characteristics and Nursing of Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is a series of primary retrogressive cerebral degeneration diseases, which have characteristic neuropathological and chemical changes and aphrenia syndrome as their principal clinical manifestation. AD's core symptoms are memory disturbance, cognitive handicap, aphasis spatial disorientation, agnosia, apraxia and dyskinesia. The concomitant mental symptoms are apathy of feeling depression, depression, anxiety, hallucination, delusion, personality change and so on. The core symptom of AD will become more serious with time going, but the mental symptoms will not. In the early phase, we should do well psychonursing and give them the proper support of feeling and mind. In the metaphase, we should pay attention to the safety nursing, life nursing, ability training, medication nursing and the nursing of metal symptoms. In the last phase, we should enhance the basic nursing and prevent the occurrence of many kinds of complications.