三种不同方法制备去细胞神经支架的比较

背景：去细胞异体神经移植物具有完全仿真的三维结构，为细胞附着提供了较理想的三维空间，是目前所有人工合成材料所无法比拟的。目的：对比分析液氮冷冻法、化学法及改良法3种方法对大鼠坐骨神经去细胞化的优劣。方法：切取SD大鼠10 mm坐骨神经，分别以液氮冻融法、TritonX-100处理化学去细胞法、改良法处理的化学去细胞法分别制作去细胞神经支架，行苏木精-伊红染色，并在扫描电镜下观察支架超微结构。结果与结论：液氮冻融法去细胞支架内有较多许旺细胞残留，有较多轴突及髓鞘，基膜完整，基膜管欠通畅；TritonX-100处理化学法去细胞神经支架内无明显许旺细胞，管内未见明显轴突及髓鞘残留，基膜完整，基膜管通畅；改良法处理的化学去细胞神经支架内许旺细胞及轴突、髓鞘成分几乎完全消失，去细胞效果更好，基膜完整，基膜管更通畅。表明TritonX-100处理化学去细胞法、改良法处理的化学去细胞法脱细胞效果较好，其中以改良法处理的化学去细胞法最好。

Comparison of acellular nerve grafts prepared with three different methods

BACKGROUND:Acellular allogeneic nerve graft has a three-dimensional structure which is emulational completely, and provides an ideal three-dimensional space for cell adhesion. These are unmatchable for all synthetics at present.OBJECTIVE:To contrast and analyze the pro and con of the liquid nitrogen cryopreservation, chemical method and improved chemical method for preparation of acellular sciatic nerve.METHODS:10-mm sciatic nerve segments of SD rats were selected, and treated with liquid nitrogen cryopreservation, TritonX-100 chemical, and improved chemical methods. The acellular nerve grafts were prepared for hematoxylin-eosin staining. The ultrastructure of the grafts was observed under the scanning electron microscopy.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Acellular nerve grafts prepared by liquid nitrogen cryopreservation were found more residual schwann cells, more axons and myelin. Grafts prepared by chemical method with TritonX-100 had no various schwann cells, as well as no significant residual axons and myelin were seen; the inophragma was intact and inophragma tube was clear. In the acellular nerve grafts prepared by improved chemical method, Schwann cells, axons and myelin almost disappeared; the acellular effect was better, and the inophragma was intact, besides, nophragma tube was clearer. These findings suggest that the acellular effects of chemical method and improved chemical method are better, and the improved chemical method is the best.