介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒的生物相容性

背景：介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒具有很多优异的物理性质,在生物医学领域应用广泛,但目前对其生物相容性研究不足。目的：综述国内外对介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒生物相容性的研究进展。方法：检索PubMed、EMBASE、万方、CNKI、维普、中国生物医学数据库有关介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒细胞毒性和动物毒性的相关文献。结果与结论：介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒可通过内吞作用被细胞摄取,其可能通过在细胞内产生活性氧化物导致细胞毒性;介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒致细胞毒作用与介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒浓度、颗粒尺寸、表面活性剂去除方式、细胞种类有关。介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒在动物体内主要富集在肝脏和脾脏,尿液和粪便是其主要排泄途径;介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒在体内局部生物相容性良好,而大剂量介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒经腹腔注射或静脉注射可导致严重全身反应。介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒在体外和体内均显示出较好的生物相容性,但其安全性仍需进一步研究。

Biocompatibility of mesoporous silica nanoparticles

BACKGROUND:Due to the superior physical properties of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs), MSNs can be applied widely in biomedicine, but insufficient information about its biocompatibility is unknown.OBJECTIVE:To review the research progress in MSNs biocompatibility.METHODS:Electronic databases of PubMed, EMBASE, Wanfang, CNKI, Weipu and Chinese Biomedical Medicine were searched, and papers concerning the cytotoxicity or toxicity of MSNs in vivo were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: MSNs could be internalized by cells through endocytosis, and the root cause for the cytotoxicity may be induced by the production of reactive oxygen species. The cytotoxicity of MSNs was associated with the concentration of MSNs, particles size, residual surfactant removal methods and cell types. In vivo, MSNs was easily trapped in liver and spleen and mainly excreted through urine and stool. MSNs showed good biocompatibility in local site in vivo, but large dose intra-peritoneal or intra-venous injection can result in serious systematic response. MSNs exhibit tolerable toxicity and good biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo, but its security needs further study.