CT扫描和断层解剖观察蝶窦断层的解剖及临床意义*

背景：正确掌握蝶窦的断层解剖是临床经鼻-蝶入路的关键。 目的：观测蝶窦断层解剖结构,为经鼻-蝶入路手术提供解剖学依据。 方法：采用CT扫描技术和断层解剖方法,对60例CT扫描头颅和20例尸头进行观察。 结果与结论：①蝶窦冠状断面显示视神经和海绵窦,两侧视神经和两侧颈内动脉间距分别是(16.02±3.47),(17.23±3.64) mm。②正中矢状位,蝶窦口距离颅前窝底、蝶窦底、蝶窦后壁和前鼻棘分别是(9.57±2.51),(12.75±3.64),(23.42±4.36),(57.82± 3.94) mm。前鼻棘距离鞍底中心(71.98±6.12) mm。③CT扫描可见“3房”“4房”蝶窦。提示蝶窦的断层解剖能为临床医生提供相应指导。 

Sectional anatomy and CT scanning of the sphenoid sinus and its clinical significance

BACKGROUND: To properly grasp the sectional anatomy of the sphenoid sinus is the key to clinical trans-sphenoidal approach. OBJECTIVE: To provide an anatomic basis for trans-sphenoidal approach surgery by observing sectional anatomy of sphenoid sinus. METHODS: CT scanning and sectional anatomy were used for observing 60 cases with CT scanning head and 20 cases head specimens. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: ① Optic nerve and cavernous sinus were clearly displayed on coronal section, average distances were (16.02±3.47) mm and (17.23±3.64) mm of two sides optic nerves and internal carotid artery. ② Average distances from the ostia of the sphenoidal sinus to the anterior cranial fossa base, the lowest point of the bottom of the sphenoidal sinus, the posterior wall of sphenoidal sinus and the anterior nasal spina were (9.57±2.51) mm, (12.75±3.64) mm, (23.42±4.36) mm and (57.82±3.94) mm, from the anterior nasal spina to the center of the sellar base was (71.98±6.12) mm on median sagittal plane. ③ Three and four antrums were found by CT scanning of the sphenoidal sinus. It is indicated that sectional anatomy of sphenoid sinus can provide a guide for surgeons.