诱导间充质干细胞向心肌样细胞的分化*

背景：目前很多体内外实验都已表明间充质干细胞具有向心肌样细胞或心肌细胞分化的能力,这使间充质干细胞治疗心脏疾病成为可能。目的：比较诱导间充质干细胞向心肌样细胞分化实验方法的异同及存在的问题。方法：以“mesenchymal stem cells,cardiomyocyte, differentiation;间充质干细胞,心肌细胞,诱导;分化”为检索词,应用计算机检索2000-12/2010-12 PubMed 数据库与万方数据库,与间充质干细胞诱导分化为心肌细胞相关的文章。结果与结论：间充质干细胞向心肌细胞分化的方法主要有：①心肌细胞条件培养液：间充质干细胞在体外经药物诱导或模拟体内心肌微环境能定向诱导分化为心肌样细胞。②与希望诱导成的目的细胞共同培养：间充质干细胞可经药物诱导诱导分化为心肌细胞,也可不经任何诱导在心肌微环境中分化为心肌细胞。虽然间充质干细胞在体外心脏病理条件下可分化为心肌细胞,使间充质干细胞治疗心脏疾病成为可能,但其研究有待进一步完善。关键词：诱导;分化;间充质干细胞;心肌样细胞;干细胞doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8225.2012.19.035

Differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into cardiac-like cells

BACKGROUND: At present, many experiments have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can differentiate into cardiac-like cells or cardiocytes in vitro and in vivo. This makes it possible for MSCs in treatment of cardiac diseases.OBJECTIVE: To compare the laboratory methods and existing problems of differentiation of MSCs into cardiac-like cells.METHODS: A computer-based online search of PubMed database and Wanfang database from December 2000 to December 2010 was performed for relative articles about differentiation of MSCs into cardiac-like cells, with key words of “mesenchymal stem cells, cardiomyocyte, differentiation” in English and in Chinese. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The main methods for differentiation of MSCs into cardiac-like cells: (1) conditioned medium: MSCs can be induced to differentiate into cardiocytes in vitro using drugs or in simulated cardiac microenvironment; (2) co-culture with the objective cells: MSCs can be induced to differentiate into cardiocytes using drugs or in cardiac microenvironment without induction. MSCs can differentiate into cardiocytes under cardiac pathological condition, and it makes possible for MSCs in treatment of cardiac diseases, however, more studies are required to improve this.