热量限制与寿命和运动

背景：热量限制是目前为止最具可行性的可以增加多个物种寿命的干预手段之一。作为一种治疗疾病和延缓人类寿命的手段，热量限制具有重要的应用价值。 目的：针对热量限制的研究历程、实施方案，热量限制的机制、热量限制模拟物以及热量限制与运动的比较做一综述，以明确热量限制的增寿效果。 方法：计算机检索中国期刊网全文数据库以及PubMed数据库1980/2011期间有关热量限制的文章。检索词分别为“热量限制，寿命，运动”和“Calorie restriction，life span，exercise”。初检得到579篇文献，最终纳入文章49篇。 结果与结论：热量限制能增加部分动物的最大寿命，但能否增加人类的最大寿命还不确定。运动作为热量限制的模拟物，能否增加人类的最大寿命，以及怎样运动能更好的增加人类的平均寿命和最大寿命，还有待于进一步研究。运动与热量限制结合，或者与其他热量限制模拟物结合，将是未来对抗老龄化的一条重要途径。

Calorie restriction,life span and exercise

BACKGROUND:Calorie restriction is by far one of the most feasible means to increase life span of many species. As a means of treating diseases and increasing life span, calorie restriction has important application value. OBJECTIVE:To review the history of calorie restriction, implementation plan of calorie restriction, calorie restriction mechanism, calorie restriction mimics and the comparison of calorie restriction and exercises, and to clear the effect of calorie restriction on increasing life span. METHODS:A computer-based online research of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed to collect articles published between 1980 and 2011 with the key words of “calorie restriction, life span, exercise” in Chinese and English, respectively. There were 579 articles after the initial survey. A total of 49 articles were included according inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Calorie restriction can increase maximal life span of some animals. But whether calorie restriction can increase human being’s maximal life span or not is unclear. It needs further study whether exercise, as one of calorie restriction mimetic, can increase human being’s maximal life span, and what kind of exercise can better increase the average human life span and maximal life span. The combination of exercise with calorie restriction, or the combination of exercise with other calorie restriction mimetics would be an important method for fighting against aging in the future.