同种异体松质骨支架材料的制备及理化特性

背景：同种异体脱脂、脱蛋白松质骨具有与受体相同的三维立体结构，力学性能稳定，排异反应弱，细胞相容性好等独特的生物学性能。 目的：通过理化方法制备同种异体脱脂、脱蛋白松质骨支架材料，分析其理化特性。 方法：剥离兔髂骨10对，制作成约1.0 cm×0.8 cm×0.1 cm的骨条，经脱脂、脱蛋白、深低温冷冻处理制备骨支架材料，检测其生物化学性能。测定支架材料与骨髓间充质干细胞的黏附率；将支架植入同种属动物体内，观察其组织相容性、免疫反应。 结果与结论：同种异体脱脂、脱蛋白松质骨支架材料保留了天然骨组织的网状孔隙结构，孔隙率为(80.23±5.65)%，孔径最大为(318.11±17.51) μm，最小为(209.37±11.33) μm。骨髓间充质干细胞不仅能与支架黏附，而且能在支架上分裂、增殖。兔体内植入6周后支架周围界面未引起明显的炎症和排斥反应，并形成少量骨样组织。说明脱脂、脱蛋白松质骨支架具有适宜的三维多孔结构，与种子细胞黏附率高，有良好的生物相容性和细胞-材料界面作用；同时有一定的成骨作用。

Preparation and physicochemical properties of scaffold materials for cancellous bone allografts

BACKGROUND:Defatted and deproteinsed cancellous bone allograft has good biological properties. It has a three- dimensional structure that is the same as the recipient’s, stable mechanical properties, weak rejection and excellent cytocompatibility. OBJECTIVE:To prepare defatted and deproteinsed cancellous bone allograft scaffold materials by physiochemical methods, and to analyze physical and chemical characteristics. METHODS:Healthy 6-month-old New Zealand white rabbits were chosen, and 20 iliac bones were dissected into 1.0 cm×0.8 cm×0.1 cm bone. Bone scaffold material was prepared by defatting, deproteinization, as well as low and depths freezing temperatures. Its physical and chemical characteristics were tested, and the adhesion rate of the scaffold material and bone marrow stromal stem cells was detected. The scaffold was implanted into the same animal species, and histocompatibility and immunoreaction were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The scaffold materials reserved the mesh pore structures of natural bone tissues with the pore ratio of (80.23±5.65)%. Maximum aperture was (318.112±17.51) μm, and minimum aperture was (209.37±11.33) μm. Bone marrow stromal stem cells could not only adhere to the scaffold, but also divide and proliferate on the scaffold. After implantation for 6 weeks, there were no obvious inflammation and rejection around the scaffold interface and a small amount of bone-like tissues formed. These results suggest that the deffatted and deproteinsed cancellous bone scaffold has the appropriate three-dimensional porous structure, and adhesion rate of seed cells is high, besides, it has good biocompatibility and cell-material interface role; at the same time there is a certain osteogenesis function.