纳米羟基磷灰石及其复合物修复骨缺损的研究与应用

背景：羟基磷灰石是骨组织工程公认的骨修复替代材料,而纳米羟基磷灰石具有与天然骨更为相似的结构特征。 目的：介绍纳米羟基磷灰石及其复合物的制备方法及特点,了解其在骨缺损修复中的应用情况。 方法：以“Nano-hydroxyapatite,bone defects,bone tissue engineering”为检索词,检索Pubmed数据库;以“纳米羟基磷灰石,骨缺损,骨组织工程”为检索词,检索CNKI数据库。文献检索语种限制为英文和中文。纳入纳米羟基磷灰石修复骨缺损的研究,纳米羟基磷灰石与一种或两种以上复合材料修复骨缺损的研究,以及骨组织工程中纳米羟基磷灰石研究的文章。最终纳入29篇符合标准的文献。 结果与结论：纳米羟基磷灰石可促进新骨形成,且新骨形成量大,具有较好的生物降解性、骨引导性。与天然或非天然材料复合,克服了自身脆性和弱的机械性等缺点,可以加速骨界面愈合。目前研究证实纳米羟基磷灰石在骨缺损的修复中发挥重要的作用,与其他材料复合后将有助于骨缺损的治疗,制备出特定功能的纳米仿生智能材料将是骨组织修复材料的未来发展方向。

Nano-hydroxyapatite and its compound in repairing bone defects

BACKGROUND:Hydroxyapatite is recognized as the bone-repair and bone-substitute materials, and the structure of nano-hydroxyapatite is similar to that of the natural bone. OBJECTIVE:To introduce the preparation methods and characteristics of nano-hydroxyapatite and its compound, and to understand their application in bone defects repair. METHODS:PubMed database was searched on internet with the key words of “nano-hydroxyapatite, bone defects, bone tissue engineering” in English. Simultaneously, CNKl database was searched with the key words of “nano-hydroxyapatite, bone defects, bone tissue engineering” in Chinese. Articles concerning studies of nano-hydroxyapatite for bone defect repair, research of nano-hydroxyapatite compounded with one or more than two kinds of composite materials for bone defects repair and research of nano-hydroxyapatite in bone tissue engineering were included. Finally 29 articles were selected according the inclusive criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Nano-hydroxyapatite can promote new bone formation, and the number of new bone formation is great, besides, the new bone has good biodegradability and osteoinductivity. Nano-hydroxyapatite can overcome its own fragility and weak mechanicalness through combined with natural or non-natural materials, and accelerate the healing of bone interface. The present study has confirmed the nano-hydroxyapatite play an important role in bone defect repair, and other composite materials will be helpful to the treatment of bone defects. The preparation of specific functional nano bionic and intelligent materials will be the developmental direction of bone tissue repair materials in the future.