骨基质载体材料的生物学特点及其临床应用

背景：骨组织工程支架材料中的骨基质载体材料为骨缺损修复治疗提供了更为有效的方法。目的：重点介绍天然衍生骨载体材料-冻干脱钙骨基质、脱蛋白骨基质、脱细胞骨基质在骨组织工程中的应用。方法：以“骨组织工程、冻干脱钙骨基质、脱蛋白骨基质、脱细胞骨基质、骨缺损;bone tissue engineering,scaffold materials,demineralized bone matrix, deprotein bone matrix,acellular bone matrix,bone defect”为检索词,由第一作者检索1994/2010 PubMed、CNKI及万方数据库等与骨组织工程领域有关的权威性文献。结果与结论：冻干脱钙骨基质、脱蛋白骨基质及脱细胞骨基质均具有良好的生物相容性、极低的抗原性、无细胞毒性,作为骨组织工程载体材料,保留了骨的天然属性,具有多孔隙结构,可降解性及良好骨传导作用,为骨缺损的治疗开辟了一条新途径。

Biological characteristics and clinical application of bone matrix as a carrier material

BACKGROUND:Scaffold materials are the core of bone tissue engineering, and bone matrix as a carrier material is one kind of the scaffold materials that provides more effective therapeusis for bone defects.OBJECTIVE:To especially introduce the application of freeze-dried demineralized bone matrix,deprotein bone matrix and acellular bone matrix in bone tissue engineering.METHODS:The first author retrieved literatures from PubMed, CNKI, Wanfang databases with the key words of “bone tissue engineering, scaffold materials, demineralized bone matrix, deprotein bone matrix, acellular bone matrix, bone defect” in English and Chinese, respectively. The authority literatures summarized in bone tissue engineering field and published from 1994 to 2010 were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The results indicate that freeze-dried demineralized bone matrix, deprotein bone matrix and acellular bone matrix display good biocompatibility, low antigenicity, and have no cytotoxicity. As carrier materials for bone tissue engineering, they have natural attributes of bones, such as porosities and bone conduction, which develops a new approach in bone defects repair.