腕关节有限元模型的建立及应用进展

背景：目前国内外较成熟的三维有限元分析多集中于脊柱和髋关节的生物力学研究,对于手部的有限元分析较少。目的：腕关节有限元模型的建立及力学研究的应用进展。方法：由第一作者检索万方数据库和Pubmed数据库相关文献。中文检索词为“力学分析,有限元,腕关节”;英文检索词为“wrist joint,mechanical analysis,finite element”。检索时间范围：1970年1月至2010年12月。经查阅与腕关节有限元的建模方法、可靠性、影响因素等相关文献。最终纳入21篇文献进入结果分析。结果与结论：手部是一个复合性的机械结构,应用有限元法进行生物力学分析要同时考虑到骨骼、关节面、韧带及肌腱的作用。目前的研究基本是在静态下对腕关节有限元模型进行力学加载,尚难以实现动态模拟、分析和给予腕关节完全真实的生理载荷条件。相信随着计算机技术和有限元理论的不断发展,人们可以模拟各种现实的临床状况,建立有针对性的有限元模型,为研究复杂的手部功能、疾病、治疗及日常生活所需提供更有力的帮助。

Construction and application of wrist finite element model

BACKGROUND:At present, the mature three-dimensional finite element analysis at home and abroad is more concentrated in the spine and hip biomechanics researches, and the finite element analysis on the wrist is rare.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the construction and application of wrist finite element model.METHODS:The Wanfang database and PubMed database were searched for the articles published from January 1970 to December 2010 by the first author. The key words were “mechanical analysis, finite element, wrist joint” in Chinese and English. The articles on the finite model establishing method, the reliability and influencing factors were selected. Finally, 21 articles were included for the analysis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Hand portion is a composite mechanical structure, so during the biomechanical analysis using the finite element method, consider the effect of bone, articular surface, ligaments and tendons should be considered. The current studies are focus on performing the mechanical loading on the wrist finite element model in the static state, it is still difficult to achieve the dynamic simulation, analysis, and give the wrist completely and true physiological loading conditions. But with the continuous development of computer technology and finite element theory, people can simulate a variety of realistic clinical situations and establish the specific finite element models which can provide more effective help for the study of complex hand function, disease, treatment, and daily life.