天津市西青区小学生病毒性肝炎健康教育效果评价

目的 评价天津市西青区小学生病毒性肝炎健康教育项目效果,为制定防控政策提供科学的依据.方法 采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法选取研究对象,以讲课的方式进行健康教育,在健康教育前后,分别对选出的西青区不同街镇的306名在校小学生进行病毒性肝炎知识知晓情况调查,了解知识的知晓情况,评价健康教育的效果.结果 学生对病毒性肝炎主要类型知识的知晓从31.1%升高到95.0%,对乙型肝炎病毒传染方式知识的知晓从34.4%升高到86.5%,对预防乙型肝炎最好的方法的知晓由50.7%升高到73.6%,对丙型肝炎病毒传染方式的知晓从38.7%升高到77.9%,对哪些行为不会传播丙型肝炎病毒的知晓从42.1%升高到74.6%,对甲型和戊型肝炎病毒传染方式知晓从22.8%升高到34.3%,对预防甲型肝炎最好的方法的知晓从43.0%升高到68.0%.结论 在小学生中开展病毒性肝炎健康教育,不仅大幅度提高了小学生对病毒性肝炎知识的知晓率,而且验证了在学校开展健康教育的重大作用.

Evaluation of viral hepatitis health education among elementary students in Xiqing District of Tianjin

Objective To evaluate the effect of viral hepatitis health education among elementary students in Xiqing District,and provide the scientific basis for the prevention and control of viral hepatitis.Methods 306 elementary students from different streets in xiqing district were selected as the object of study by using multi-stage random cluster sampling method,health education were carried out in the form of lectures.306 elementary students were investigated about viral hepatitis knowledge,and their understanding were compared for evaluating the effect of health education.Results The students` knowing rate about the main types of viral hepatitis increased from 31.1% to 95.0%,while awareness of the hepatitis B virus infection way rise from 34.4% to 86.5%,and understanding rate about the best way to prevent hepatitis B increased from 50.7% to 73.6%,while hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection way rise from 38.7% to 77.9%.Knowing of which behavior does not spread hepatitis C virus (HCV) increased from 42.1% to 74.6%,knowing the mode of hepatitis A and E virus increased from 22.8% to 34.3%,knowing of the best way to prevent hepatitis A rise from 43.0% to 68.0%.Conclusion The health education of viral hepatitis in the primary school not only raise their awareness of viral hepatitis,but proves the significant role of health education in schools.