高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点研究

目的 研究高海拔环境下军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.方法 采用状态-特质焦虑问卷(state-trait anxiety inventory,STAI),对驻高原地区45个部队6 019名军人进行团体测评,分析军人状态-特质焦虑的特点.结果 ①性别:女性TAI得分显著高于男性(P＜0.01).②职别:军官组SAI和TAI得分显著高于士兵和士官组(P＜0.01).③年龄:＞30岁组TAI得分显著高于25岁以下各组(P＜0.01);＞25 ～30岁组TAI得分显著高于20岁以下各组(P＜0.01).④军龄:TAI得分差异有统计学意义(P＜0.01);＞ 12～16年组和＞16年组TAI得分显著高于≤1年、＞1 ～2年、＞2 ～5年和＞5 ～8年组(P＜0.05,P＜0.01).⑤海拔高度:SAI和TAI得分差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01);≤2000 m组SAI和TAI得分显著高于＞2 500～3 000 m组(P＜0.01).⑥文化程度:呈现SAI和TAI得分大学及以上组＞高中(中专)组＞初中及以下组的趋势(P＜0.01).⑦非独生子女组SAI得分显著低于独生子女组(P＜0.05).结论 高海拔环境的军人状态特质焦虑在性别、职别、年龄、军龄、文化程度、独生子女情况和海拔高度上差异有统计学意义.

Characteristics of state-trait anxiety in military personnel in high altitude

Objective To investigate the characteristic of state-trait anxiety in the officers and soldiers stationed at plateau.Methodls State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) were employed to survey 6 019 officers and soldiers from 45 plateau troops through group survey.The characteristic of state-trait anxiety in the participants were analyzed.Fesults ① Compared with the male participants,the female ones obtained higher score of trait anxiety (P ＜ 0.01).② The STAI scores were significantly higher in the officers than the soldiers and sergeants (P ＜ 0.01).③ The score of trait anxiety was remarkably higher in the participants over 30 years old soldiers than those younger than 25 years old (P ＜ 0.01),and the scores in the ＞ 20 ～ 30-year-old than the ＜ 20-year-old (P ＜ 0.01).④ The score of trait anxiety was significantly different in the participants with different length of service (P ＜0.05,P ＜0.01).The score of those with service length of ＞12 to16 years and of ＞16 years was higher those with the length of ≤1,＞1～2,＞2～5 and ＞5 ～8 years respectively (P ＜ 0.05,P ＜0.01).⑤ The scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety were significantly different among those stationed at different altitude levels (P ＜ 0.01).Those at altitude level of ＜ 2 000 m had significantly higher scores of state anxiety and trait anxiety than those at ＞ 2 500 ～ 3 000 m (P ＜ 0.01).⑥On education levels,the scores of the participants with college level and above were significantly higher than those of senior and junior middle school group (P ＜ 0.01).(~ The status anxiety score was lower in those from non-single-child family than those from single-child family (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion The officers and soldiers stationed at plateau have significant different characteristics in status and trait anxiety in aspects of gender,rank,age,service length,educational level,from single-child family or not,and altitude levels.