孕期酒精暴露致子代小鼠心肌致密化不全样改变

目的 探讨孕期酒精暴露致子代小鼠心肌致密化不全样改变的关系.方法 对孕期3.5～18.5 d的母鼠用56％酒精以5 mL/kg的剂量灌胃,收集孕期第19.5天子代小鼠心脏标本,电子透射显微镜观察肌丝、线粒体及肌浆网等心肌细胞超微结构,HE染色观察心室肌层结构,小鼠心脏超声心动图观察成年鼠心脏舒缩功能及心室肌层改变.结果 实验组子代心脏电镜下发现肌丝排列紊乱、溶解的现象;31.25％子代小鼠(5/16)的左心室肌呈非致密化样改变[病变组N/C值为(2.49±0.68),对照组N/C值为(0.62±0.23);t=10.397,P=0.000],且心脏体积变小,病变室腔明显扩大;成年后心脏超声提示实验组小鼠心功能减退、室间隔/左室后壁增厚.结论 孕期大量酒精暴露可致子代小鼠心室肌出现高度肌小梁化及心肌压实缺乏等改变,孕期酗酒可能是子代心肌致密化不全的病因之一.

Alcohol exposure during pregnancy causes non-compaction cardiomyopathy in offspring mice

Objective To investigate the relationship of alcohol exposure during pregnancy and non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCC) in offspring mice.Methods Pregnant mice of ED3.5-ED18.5 were given 56％ alcohol by gavage at a dose of 5 mL/kg.The ED19.5 mice were sacrificed,and the heart of the fetal mice was harvested.Transmission electron microscopy (filaments,mitochondria and sarcoplasmic reticulum) and HE staining were used to verify the changes of structure and ultrastructure of the obtained myocardial tissues.Echocardiography was used to evaluate the cardiac function and ventricular myometrium of the offspring mice after growing up.Results Alcohol exposure during pregnancy caused the disorganized and dissolved myofilaments in the fetal mice.Some offspring mice (31.25％,5/16) had NCC.The ratio of non-compacted myocardium to compact myocardium at the end of systole (N/C) was 2.49 ± 0.6 in the offspring mice of the alcohol exposure group,significantly higher than that in the control offspring mice (0.62 ± 0.23,t =10.397,P =0.000).The volume of heart was decreased in the offspring mice of the alcohol exposure group while the left ventricule was enlarged.Echocardiography showed cardiac dysfunction and thickened ventricular septal/left ventricular posterior walls in the grown-up mice of the exposure group.Conclusion Large dose of alcohol exposure during pregnancy cause trabeculations and non-compaction in ventricular myocardium,and it might be one of causers for NCC in the offspring.