实战化军事训练新兵阶段肩关节训练伤及影响因素调查研究

目的 探讨实战化训练新兵阶段肩关节训练伤的发生情况及不同课目致伤的影响因素.方法 在2014年和2016年甲种集团军和乙种集团军的入伍新兵中,通过完全随机抽样的方法进行调查.采用研制的肩关节训练伤调查问卷,在新兵入伍集训结束后1个月,回顾性调查新兵肩关节训练伤的发生率,通过Logistic回归分析不同训练课目导致的肩关节训练伤组和正常组在参训时的训练强度、心理状态、防护性措施等影响因素.结果 共纳入新兵4 873人,肩关节损伤的发病率为20.79％;致伤的主要课目为匍匐前进(38.08％)、手榴弹投掷(35.10％)和单双杠(15.30％);伤情种类主要为骨与关节损伤(79.7％),其中肌肉拉伤(43.11％)、盂唇损伤(18.34％)、盂肱关节脱位(6.33％)占前3位;受伤组与正常组在训练强度、心理状态、防护性措施使用等方面差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 新兵阶段,肩关节过顶运动类损伤发病率较高,且以骨与关节损伤为主.各训练课目中训练强度、心理状态、防护性措施均是肩关节训练伤发生的主要影响因素.

Survey on shoulder joint injury and influencing factors in new recruits during practical military training

Objective To investigate the occurrence and influencing factors of shoulder joint injury in new recruits during practical military training.Methods From 2014 to 2016,random sampling were used to subject the participants from the new recruits of 2 troops.The self-developed shoulder joint training injury questionnaire was employed to survey the participants in 1 month after the end of recruits training.Logistic regression analysis was adapted to analyze the effects of training intensity,mental state,protective measures and other influencing factors on the participants with history of shoulder joint injury and the normal group.Results In this study,4 873 participants were subjected,and the incidence rate of shoulder joint injury was 20.79％.The main subjects inducing the injury were creeping forward (38.08％),grenade throw (35.10％) and single parallel bars (15.30％).The main types of injuries were bone and joint injury (63.3％),muscle strain (43.11％),labral injury (18.34％),and glenoid joint dislocation (6.33％) as the top 3 types.There were significant differences in training intensity,mental state,protective measures and other aspects between the injured group and normal group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion For the new recruits undergoing military training,the incidence of shoulder joint injury due to overhead sports is quite higher,and the bone and joint injury are the commonest.In most military training,training intensity,mental state and preventive measures are the main influencing factors for shoulder joint injury.