麻疹合并肺炎患儿的临床观察与护理

目的总结麻疹合并肺炎患儿的临床表现及相关护理方法,以期为基层医院的临床护理工作提供经验。方法回顾性分析2005-2010年在温州医学院附属第二医院确诊为麻疹合并肺炎患儿的临床资料,统计患儿的一般情况、临床特点,分析并总结其预防及护理措施。结果所有患儿均有发热、咳嗽和全身斑丘疹等症状。体温37.8～41.0℃,热程3～12d,平均(7.8±2.3)d;典型皮疹467例,占90.2%,出疹期平均(3.5±1.7)d。肺部可闻及细小湿啰音261例,占50.4%;可闻及中等湿啰音187例,占36.1%;可闻及哮鸣音163例,占31.5%;未闻及明显干湿性啰音87例,占16.8%。肺部体征平均在热退后(3.8±1.2)d好转。518例患儿中,513例(99.0%)患儿治愈或好转出院,2例自动出院,3例死亡。结论科学全面的护理干预措施可有效促进麻疹合并肺炎患儿的康复。

Clinical Observation and Nursing of Children with Measles Pneumonia

Objective To summarize the clinical manifestations and related nursing methods in children with measles pneumonia,so as to provide clinical nursing experience for primary hospitals. Methods The clinical data in children with measles pneumonia were analyzed retrospectively from 2005 to 2010. The general information and clinical characteristics in the children were calculated and the preventive and nursing countermeasures were analyzed and smmurized. Results All the children had fever,cough and body rash and other symptoms [body temperature of 37.8--41.0℃ ,thermal process of 3 to 12 days,with the average （7.8 ± 2.3） d]. There were 467 cases of typical rash accounting for 90.2% ,with an avarage period of rash of 3.5 d. Fine moist rales could be felt in 261 cases,accounting for 50.4%. Medium moist tales could be felt in 187 eases,accounting for 36.1%. wheeze could be heard in 163 cases,accounting for 31.5 %. There were 87 cases without obviously wet and dry rales,accounting for 16.8%. Pulmonary signs were improved in an average of 3.8d after the heat haek. Of 518 children,513 children （99.0%） were cured or improved and discharged,2 children were discharged from hospital,and 3 patients died. Conclusion Scientific and comprehensive care interventions can effective promot the rehabilitation of children with measles pneumonia.