营养和心理因素对胃癌患者术后半年生活质量的影响

目的探讨胃癌术后患者营养和心理状况与术后半年生活质量的关系。方法选择南京军区福州总医院收治的手术后半年的胃癌患者96例为研究对象,采用一般资料问卷、生活质量测定量表、医学应对方式问卷、医院焦虑抑郁量表对患者进行问卷调查,并采用膳食调查法中的食物频数法、人体体格测量分析法中的体质指数法、血清营养学评定法对患者的营养状况进行调查。结果胃癌患者热量、蛋白质等摄入严重不足,体质指数过低发生率偏高,血红蛋白、血清白蛋白偏低发生率高;胃癌术后患者更多采用回避和屈服的应对方式,且存在明显的焦虑、抑郁症状;影响胃癌患者术后生活质量的因素主要有术后每天活动的时间、屈服应对方式、焦虑、抑郁以及营养状况。结论改善营养状态可提高癌症患者的体力状况,实施有效的心理治疗可以纠正患者不正确的认知和改善其不良情绪,提高癌症患者的生活质量。

Effects of Psychology and Nutrition on Quality of Life of Patients with Gastric Cancer

Objective To analyze the association between psychological status,nutritional status and quality of life （QOL） of postoperative patients with gastric cancer. Methods Ninety-six postoperative patients with gastric cancer after six months of surgery were surveyed by trained interviewers with general information questionnaire, QOL inventory, medical coping modes questionnaire and hospital anxiety and depression scale. The nutritional status of patients was investigated using food frequency method of dietary survey method,body mass index of human anthropometric analysis method and serum nutrition assessment. Resuits Gastric cancer patients were observed with a serious shortage of the intake of calories,protein and other nutrients, high incidence of low body mass index and high incidence of low level of hemoglobin and serum albumin. Postoperative gastric cancer patients refleced more evasive and yield responses and there were significant anxiety and depressive symptoms. As a result of the quality of life variables, multivariate linear regression equation to the variables were the time of activity, nutritional status, yield, anxiety and depression. Conclusion The improvement of nutritional status can improve the physical condition of patients with cancer. Implementation of effective psychological treatments can correct their incorrect perceptions, improve their negative emotions and elevated the QOL of cancer patients.