对初次住院慢性肾病患者肾病相关知识的调查

目的了解初次住院的慢性肾病患者对肾病相关知识的知晓情况,以期为指导护理人员对患者进行有效的健康教育提供依据。方法采用自行设计问卷对2010年5月至2011年3月在上海交通大学医学院附属瑞金医院肾内科初次住院的140例未接受过系统肾病知识教育的患者进行慢性肾病知识的调查。结果患者对肾病相关知识掌握不均衡。可正确回答慢性肾病危险因素者占44%～72%,其中"高血压是肾病危险因素"的知晓率最高,为72.86%;不同年龄和文化程度的慢性肾病患者之间的知识得分差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论初次住院的慢性肾病患者对肾病知识知晓情况存在不足,护理人员应提高慢性肾病患者相关知识的了解和认识,加强患者自我监控意识和自我保健能力,积极开展慢性肾病的防治工作,以延缓疾病进展,提高患者生活质量。

Investigation on Knowledge of Kidney Disease in Initial In-patients with Chronic Kidney Disease

Objective To comprehend the awareness of knowledge of kidney disease in initial in-patients with chronic kidney disease with a view to guiding the effective health education for the nursing staff.Methods From May 2010 to March 2011,140 initial in-patients without the system education of kidney disease in the hospital were surveyed with a self-designed questionnaire on the awareness of knowledge of kidney disease in the initial in-patients with chronic kidney disease.Results According to the 140 valid questionnaires,the knowledge of kidney disease of the patients was not balanced.The percentage of the patients who could answer the risk factors of the kidney disease correctly accounted for 44% to 72%,the ratio of the awareness that hypertension was a risk factor for kidney disease was the highest,which accounted for 72.86%.The scores of the patients with different ages and education levels had the statistical significance（P〈0.05）.Conclusion The awareness of knowledge of kidney disease in initial in-patients with chronic kidney disease is insufficient,so the nursing staff should improve the situation of the awareness of knowledge of kidney disease of patients with chronic kidney disease,enhance the sense of self-monitoring and self-care ability of the patients,develop the prevention and treatment of the chronic kidney disease and intensify the sense of prevention for avoiding the aggravation of the disease and elevation the life quality for the patients.