家兔电击伤后心血管系统及呼吸系统病理变化的实验观察

观察了实验性电击伤后家免心脏、大血管、支气管及肺部的病理变化。其特点为：（１）心脏内小血管破坏明显，心肌内出血。（２）血管及支气管粘膜上皮细胞变性、脱落等变化较轻，粘膜下小静脉淤血较明显。（３）肺部病变以出血和淤血为主，并有肺萎陷及代偿性肺气肿和轻度的肺水肿。作者认为其发生机制可能主要与电击穿胞膜损伤关系密切。提示：在临床救治严重电击伤患者时，防治肺部并发症是挽救患者生命的重要环节。

Histopathological changes of cardiovascular systemand respiratory system in electrically injuredrabbits

The histopathological changes of heart,greatblood vessels,bronchi and lungs in experimentalelectrically-injuryed rabbits were observed. Thecharacteristics of the changes were as follows:(1)intracardiac smali bIood vessels were destroyed obvi-ously, wIth subsequent myocardial hemorrhage;(2)epithelial degradation and exfoliation of the trachealand bronchial mucosa were mild but the submucosalvenular change was obvious;(3) the pathologicalchanges of the lungs were mainly cbaracterized bypulmonary hemorrhage and congestion,associatedwith pulmonary collapse, compensatory emphysemaand mild pulmonary edema,We consider that themechanism of the above changes is mainly related tothe thermal injury to the cellular membrane(trans-cellular membrane injuty)induced by electricthermal energy. It is suggested that the key link ofpreserving the life of the patient with severe electricinjury is the prevention and treatment of pulmonarycomplications.