老年住院患者医院感染调查分析

目的了解老年患者医院感染的相关因素,提出预防医院感染的措施。方法对2004年60岁以上的住院患者中发生医院感染的266例进行流行病学调查。结果老年住院患者医院感染率为6.1%;基础疾病中以脑血管疾病、恶性肿瘤、冠心病居前;感染部位以呼吸道、泌尿道、胃肠道为前3位。病原学检查:真菌居首位,占39.3%,其次为铜绿假单胞菌。气管插管、气管切开、泌尿道插管是医院感染的高危因素。结论综合治疗基础病,合理使用抗菌药物,缩短住院时间,掌握侵入性操作适应证,严格执行无菌操作技术,对预防老年患者医院感染有重要作用。

Nosocomial infection among senile inpatients: an investigation and analysis

Objective To study relative factors of nosocomial infection and find out preventive measures for senile inpatients. Methods An epidemiological survey was conducted among 266 senile inpatients more than 60 years old with nosocomial infection in 2004. Results Among 266 cases, the rate of nosocomial infection was 6.1%. Cerebrovascular disease, malignant tumor and coronary heart disease rank first in underlying diseases. The infection sites were mainly found in respiratory tract, urinary tract and gastrointestinal system. The microbiological results showed that fungi were predominant and the ratio was 39.3%, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The risk factors for nosocomial infection were as follows: endotracheal intubation, tracheotomy and indwelling catheter. Conclusion The important points of preventing nosocomial infection among senile inpatients are to curing of underlying diseases, reasonable using of antibiotics, shortening duration of hospitalization, controlling invasive operation and taking strict aseptic manipulation.