睡眠觉醒环路与全身麻醉后苏醒延迟神经机制的研究进展

自然睡眠与全身麻醉状态的一个共同的特征是可逆的意识丧失但是无意识的程度不同。越来越多的研究表明操纵某些促觉醒神经元或促睡眠神经元会影响全身麻醉的诱导和苏醒。然而，全身麻醉出现苏醒延迟的神经机制尚不清楚。全身麻醉与睡眠共享一些重叠的皮层下机制，一些参与睡眠-觉醒调节的神经核团与全身麻醉的意识丧失有关。多个神经核团参与睡眠-觉醒的调节同时也影响全身麻醉及全身麻醉后的觉醒。本文对调节睡眠-觉醒和全身麻醉状态的神经机制进行综述。

Research progress on sleep-wake circuit and neural mechanism of delayed emergence after general anesthesia

A common feature of natural sleep and general anesthesia is the reversible loss of consciousness, but the degree of unconsciousness is different. Accumulated research results suggest that manipulation of certain wake-promoting neurons or sleep-promoting neurons may affect induction and awakening of general anesthesia. However, the neural mechanism underlying delayed emergence after general anesthesia remains unclear. General anesthesia and sleep share some overlapping subcortical mechanisms, and some nerve nuclei involved in sleep-wake regulation are associated with loss of consciousness in general anesthesia. Several nerve nuclei participate in the regulation of sleep-wake, meanwhile, they also influence general anesthesia and arousal after general anesthesia. This article reviews the neural mechanisms that regulate sleep-wake and general anesthesia.