3D打印技术在先天性心脏病伴气管软化诊断与治疗中的应用

目的:运用3D打印技术建立儿童先天性心脏病伴气管软化模型，探讨3D打印建模对于临床诊断和治疗方案制定的意义。 方法:1例先天性心脏病伴气管软化的患儿，行容积螺旋穿梭技术（VHS）CT扫描后获得影像资料；将CT图像导入Mimics 17.0软件并对气管区域进行图像重建后处理，得到气管三维重建模型；再运用3-Matic10.0软件对三维模型进行网格优化操作并保存成STL格式；最后将数据导入Objet 260 3D打印机打印出三维模型。 结果:利用3D打印构建了患儿吸气相和呼气相气管模型，与气管镜检查的结果一致。 结论:通过3D打印技术打印了患儿的全尺寸气管模型，给先天性心脏病伴气管软化的临床诊断和治疗予以有效的协助和指导。

Application of three-dimensional printing technique in diagnosis and treatment of congenital heart disease with tracheomalacia in pediatric patients

Objective To establish a three-dimensional (3D) airway model for pediatric patients congenital heart disease (CHD) accompanied by tracheomalacia through 3D printing technique and explore the significance of the 3D airway model for clinical diagnosis and the development of therapeutic schedule. Methods One pediatric patient was diagnosed with CHD accompanied by tracheomalacia, and the image data were obtained with dynamic multi-detector computer tomography (MDCT) with volume helical shuttle (VHS) technique. The DICOM data of CT image were imported into Mimics 17.0 software, and the image post-processing was conducted in the region of interest, finally obtaining the 3D reconstruction models of these airways. Subsequently, 3-Matic 10.0 software was used to do the mesh optimization of the 3D models and generate stereolithography (STL) files. After these files were imported into Objet 260 3D printer, the 3D airway models were finally printed with 3D printer. Results The 3D printed trachea models of inspiratory phase and expiratory phase were in accord with the results of bronchoscopy examination. Conclusion Pediatric full-sized trachea model is successfully established with the use of 3D printing technique, which provides an effective assistance and guidance to diagnose and provide treatment for pediatric patients who were suffered with CHD accompanied by tracheomalacia.