未育妇女放置宫内节育器现状及社会因素的探讨

目的探讨未育妇女放置宫内节育器（UD）的现状．分析导致这种现象的社会因素。方法在深圳市福田下沙社区收集未生育要求放置宫内节育器妇女共508例进行问卷调查分析。置器前对未育妇女的年龄、文化程度、初次性生活年龄、曾用避孕方法、选择IUD不愿采用其他避孕方法的原因进行问卷调查。结果未婚组〈20岁的置器妇女占26．9％．已婚组仅为0．45％，两组相比，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。曾用避孕方法中，避孕套和口服避孕药仍是最为常用的避孕方法，在此次选用IUD而不用其他避孕方法的原因中，未婚组以配偶不愿使用避孕套为首要原因，占46．9％，而已婚组占17．0％。两组相比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。在紧急避孕药的使用中，45．9％的未婚妇女使用过紧急避孕药，而在已婚妇女组中，仅25．9％的妇女曾使用过。两组相比较，差异有显著性（P〈0．05）。结论未婚未育妇女初次性生活年龄提前而结婚生育年龄较晚，选择避孕方法依从于男性是此类人群选择IUD的主要原因。

Discussion of the Current Situation and Social Factors of Childrens Fertile-aged Women's Using Intrautering Device (IUD)

OBJECTIVE Analyze the social factors that induce the current situation of childrens fertile-aged women's suing intrautering device(IUD) by probing into it.METHODS 508 samples of questionnaire answered by childrens fertile-aged women using IUD in Xiasha Community in Futian,Shenzhen.The questionnaire concludes items of age,education experience,pregnant times,number of sex buddy,age of first sex,ways of contraception used,reasons of choosing IUD rather than other ways before using IUD.RESULTS Unmarried group using IUD(<20 years old) rates is 26.9% while married group rates is only 0.45%.The difference is significant(P<0.05) .Among the ways of contraception used,using condom and oral contraceptive are still the most popular contraception ways.Among the reasons that unmarried women use IUD rather than others,the one that their sex buddies would not like to use condom primes all,its rate is 46.9%,while the rate is only 17.0% within the married group.This difference is significant too(P<0.05) .As for the usage of emergency contraception,45.9% of unmarried women used to use it,while only 25.9% of the married women used to use it.This difference also has significance(P<0.05) .CONCLUSION The age of unmarried childrens women's first sex moves forward while their marriage and bearing postpones,choice of contraception ways relies men is the main reason of their choosing IUD.