Bone growth patterns in Chinese children and adolescents: a 6-year follow-up study provides evidence for sexual dimorphism and tracking |
| |
Authors: | Fengxiu Ouyang Binyan Wang Lester M. Arguelles Xiping Xu Jianhua Yang Zhiping Li Liuliu Wang Xue Liu Genfu Tang Houxun Xing Craig Langman Xiaobin Wang |
| |
Affiliation: | (1) Mary Ann and J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine and Children’s Memorial Hospital and Children’s Memorial Research Center, Chicago, IL, USA;(2) Center for Population Genetics, University of Illinois at Chicago School of Public Health, Chicago, IL, USA;(3) Institute for Biomedicine, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China;(4) Division of Kidney Diseases, and Developmental Biology, Department of Pediatrics, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Children’s Memorial Research Center and Children’s Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA;(5) The Mary Ann & J. Milburn Smith Child Health Research Program, Children’s Memorial Research Center, 2300 Children’s Plaza - Box 157, Chicago, IL 60614, USA |
| |
Abstract: | Summary We prospectively examined bone growth patterns in 894 children aged 6–17 years at the baseline visit, with a 6-year follow-up. Results show bone “tracking” over a six-year interval and sexual dimorphism of bone attained levels and timing of peak bone growth. Our findings underscore childhood and adolescence as critical periods for building bone and developing gender differences. Introduction Bone growth patterns were prospectively examined in 894 Chinese children (496 males), aged 6–17 yrs, from a population-based twin cohort. Whole-body bone area (BA), bone mineral content (BMC), and bone mineral density (BMD) were measured by DEXA at baseline and a 6-yr follow-up. Methods Graphic smoothing plots and generalized estimating equations were used to model bone attained levels, growth, and “tracking”. Results Attained levels of BMC and BA increased curvilinearly with age. Male attained levels were higher than females after age ∼15 yr, but BMD was lower between 13–17 yrs (Tanner stage I to IV). In both genders, peak BMC and BMD growth lagged ∼2 yrs behind peak BA growth, which lagged 2 yrs behind peak height growth. Peak bone growth occurred 1–3 yrs later in males. Over the 6-yr follow-up, all bone measurements “tracked”, but “shifting” across ranks also occurred, and baseline tertile ranking influenced bone growth. Females with early menarche had higher attained levels than females with late menarche at age 12–13 yrs. Conclusion Our findings confirm and expand previous studies on peak bone growth conducted in Caucasian cohorts, particularly sexually dimorphic and maturational effects. The significant “tracking” of bone measurements in this 6-yr follow-up study underscores the importance that osteoporosis prevention should begin in childhood and adolescence. Fengxiu Ouyang and Binyan Wang contributed equally to this article. Source(s) of support: This study is supported in part by grant R01 HD049059, R01 HL0864619 and R01 AR045651 from the National Institute of Health and by the Food Allergy Project. |
| |
Keywords: | Bone growth Bone area Bone mineral content Bone mineral density Longitudinal study Children and adolescents |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|