江苏省2008-2009年疟疾媒介按蚊监测结果分析

目的了解江苏省疟区中华按蚊种群数量、密度的发展变化趋势和对杀虫剂的敏感性。方法在疟疾流行季节,采用人饵诱捕法、猪舍捕蚊法和WHO推荐的接触筒强迫接触法,观察接触10、15、20、30、40、50、60min时蚊虫对杀虫剂的击倒率和24h时死亡率。结果 2008年6月下旬至10月上旬半通宵帐内人饵共捕获按蚊322只,经鉴定均为中华按蚊,平均叮人率为1.61只/(人.h);猪舍内共捕获按蚊886只,经鉴定均为中华按蚊,平均密度为147.66只/人工小时;中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯已达到抗性(R)水平;对氟氯氰菊酯为初步抗性(M)水平。2009年6月下旬至10月上旬半通宵帐内人饵共捕获按蚊349只,经鉴定均为中华按蚊,平均叮人率为1.25只/(人.h);猪舍内共捕获按蚊652只,经鉴定也均为中华按蚊,平均密度为108.67只/人工小时。中华按蚊对溴氰菊酯抗性为R级水平;对马拉硫磷抗性也为R级水平。结论江苏省部分疟区中华按蚊已对溴氰菊酯产生抗性,对氟氯氰菊酯已产生初步抗性。今后,在采用杀虫剂浸泡蚊帐或室内滞留喷洒等方法对暴发点或疫情不稳定地区进行处理时,应选择适合的杀虫剂,以达到防制效果;同时为控制疟疾发病,应加强对当地居民的健康教育,提高防蚊意识,减少人蚊接触机会。

Analysis of Anopheles prevalence in Jiangsu province,2008-2009

Objective To identify Anopheles sinensis population density,growth trends and insecticide sensitivity.Methods Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by human landing catch and collecting mosquitoes inside cowsheds during endemic season.The WHO insecticide-susceptibility test was used.The rate of knockdown was calculated after 10,15,20,30,40,50,60 minutes after exposure.The mortality was scored 24 hours after exposure.Results From late June to early October in 2008,322 An.sinensis were collected by human landing catch in bed nets semi-overnight.The biting rate was 1.61 bites per person per hour.A total of 886 An.sinensis were captured in cowsheds.The density was 147.66 mosquitoes per person per hour.The resistance of An.sinensis to deltamethrin and cyfluthrin were levels R and M,respectively.From late June to early October in 2009,349 An.sinensis were caught in bed nets semi-overnight.The biting rate was 1.25 bites per person per hour.With 652 An.sinensis collected,the density was 108.67 mosquitoes per person per hour.The resistance of An.sinensis to deltamethrin and malathion were levels R and R,respectively.Conclusion An.sinesis is resistant to deltamethrin and initially resistance to cyfluthrin in Jiangsu province.The applied insecticide should be chosen when there is outbreak of malaria by using insecticide treated nets(ITNs) and indoor spraying of insecticide.Health education should be introduced to local people to improve protection from mosquitoes and minimize contact with mosquitoes.