不同种类汽车内尘螨孳生状况及主要变应原检测

目的调查淮南市3种不同汽车内尘螨孳生状况及检测尘螨主要变应原。方法于2010年5-10月在淮南市的出租车、私家车及公交车上采集尘螨,分离计数并鉴定,应用RTPCR、PCR检测尘螨变应原(Derf1、Derp1、Derf2、Derp2),并对结果进行统计学分析。结果检获尘螨5种,隶属于2科3属。其中出租车中孳生率最高(85.0%),私家车中尘螨种类最多(5种);从尘螨样本中扩增出约646、923、455、408bp的基因片段,出租车中Derp1和Derp2阳性率较高(80.0%和65.0%),私家车中4种变应原阳性率相差不大(45.0%～57.5%),而公交车中4种变应原检测阳性率均不高。结论 3种不同生境中尘螨的孳生率、种类分布及主要变应原检测阳性率差异较大,可能与不同环境中温湿度差异、尘螨习性和人为干扰程度有关。

The breeding density and the major allergens of acaroid mites in different motor habitats

Objective To investigate the breeding density and the major allergens of acaroid mites in various motors.Methods Acaroid mites were collected from taxis, private cars and buses, and isolated, counted and identified from May to October in 2010.PCR was performed to detect the allergens Der f 1, Der p 1, Der f 2, Der p 2, with statistical analysis of the results done.Results It was found that there were thirteen species of acaroid mites, belonging to 12 genera and 4 families. The breeding rate was the highest in taxis (85.0%) with most species found in private cars. Four gene sequences (646 bp, 923 bp, 455 bp, 408 bp) were specifically amplified from different samples, with the positive rates of Der p 1 and Der p 2 of the samples from taxis higher than those from other motors (80.0% and 65.0%), and the positive rates of the four allergens ranged from 45.0%-57.5% in private cars but much lower in buses.Conclusion The breeding rate, species distribution and positive rates of acaroid mites from the three habitats are significantly different, which may be associated with the variation of temperature and humidity, habits of acaroid mites and degree of human disturbance.