蚊虫抗药性分子机制研究进展

蚊虫是重要的医学昆虫,可以通过叮咬传播疾病(例如疟疾、丝虫病、登革热等),其行为与人类生活息息相关.由于长久以来大量、广泛地使用杀虫剂,使蚊虫抗性日益严重.蚊虫的抗性机制主要有靶标抗性(包括神经轴突钠离子通道、乙酰胆碱酯酶和γ-氨基丁酸受体氯离子通道的突变)和代谢抗性(包括非特异性羧酸酯酶、细胞色素P450和谷胱甘肽-S-转移酶的活性增加)两方面.现对这些机制的研究进展进行综述,试图全面了解大量、广泛使用杀虫剂之后蚊虫抗性产生的分子机制.

Advances in the molecular mechanisms of mosquito resistance to insecticides

Mosquitoes, which act as important medical insects, can transmit diseases such as malaria, fiariasis and dengue fever, etc. by bites, being harmful to humans. For a long period of time, due to the extensive use of chemical insecticides, the insecticide resistance in mosquitoes is becoming more and more serious. The mechanisms of resistance can be classified into two groups, knockdown resistance (such as saltations in sodium channel, Acetylcholinesterase and γ-aminobutyric acid) and metabolic resistance (such as augmentations in carboxylesterase, cytochrome P450 and glutathione-S-transferase). In this article, recent research advances in the resistance of mosquitoes to chemical insecticides are reviewed for better understanding of the molecular mechanism of mosquito resistance to the extensively used chemical insecticides.