不同部位骨盆骨静态弹性模量及其相关生物力学性质的测定

采用生物力学实验的方法研究骨盆骨的轴向刚度、不同部位骨盆骨的压缩及拉伸弹性模量以及强度,从而为骨盆的临床及实验研究提供理论依据.试验采用12具防腐骨盆骨,利用万能材料试验机测量不同载荷下骨盆骨的位移,计算其轴向刚度；之后截取耻骨、坐骨、髋臼骨前柱及后柱、以及骶髂关节两侧骨,制成10 mm×5mm×10mm大小试件,分成12组,利用杠杆引伸仪、万能材料试验机、电阻应变仪上分别进行压缩及拉伸弹性模量以及强度的测定.在静态载荷状态下,500 N的生理载荷时,骨盆刚度值为181.28±21.4 N.mm-1,1500N时,刚度值增加到352.32 N.mm-1；耻骨、坐骨、髂骨、髋臼前、后柱以及骶髂关节两侧骨质的压缩弹性模量依次为26.7、18.4、31.7、21.3、23.1、31.7、29.6 GPa；压缩强度均值依次为64.27、124.26、91.73、94.22、50.39、107.37、84.23 GPa；拉伸弹性模量依次为29.3、20.4、25.4、23.3、21.2、19.3、17.6 GPa；拉伸强度均值依次为132.53、93.26、95.72、74.22、40.39、84.23、64.27 GPa.静态载荷状态下,刚度值随着载荷的增加逐渐加大；坐骨的抗压缩强度最大,而耻骨的抗拉伸强度最大,髋臼前柱抗压缩及拉伸的强度(94.22、74.22)均明显高于髋臼后柱.

The Static Elastic Modulus and its Related Biomechanical Properties of Different Parts of the Pelvic Bone : A Biomechanical Study

To provide the theoretical basis for clinical and experimental study of the pelvis,we studied the axial stiffness of the pelvic bone,modulus elasticity and strength of compression and tensile of different parts of the pelvic bone by biomechanics experiments.12 trials were used to calculate the axial stiffness by measuring the displacement of the pelvic bone under different loads on universal testing machine,then we made the pubic,ischial,acetabular,sacroiliac joints on both sides of pelvic bone to 10 mm×5 mm×10 mm size specimens,dividing into 12 groups and measuring the compression and tensile elasticity modulus and strength by the use of leverage extensometer,universal testing machine and resistance strain gaugeson.Under static loading conditions,the pelvic stiffness value was 181.28 ± 21.4 N.mm-1 by the physiological load 500 N and 352.32 N.mm-1 by 1500 N;the compression elastic modulus of pubis,ischial,iliac,acetabulum and the sacroiliac joint on both sides of the bone were 26.7,18.4,31.7,21.3,23.1,31.7,29.6 GPa and compressive strength were 64.27,124.26,91.73,94.22,50.39,107.37,84.23 GPa in turn;the tensile elasticity modulus followed 29.3,20.4,25.4,23.3,21.2,19.3,17.6 GPa and tensile strength were132.53,93.26,95.72,74.22,40.39,84.23,64.27 GPa in turn.Under static loading conditions,the stiffness value is gradually increased with the increase of the load;The compression strength of ischium is the largest and the tensile strength of pubis is the largest;the resistance of compression and tensile strength of the acetabular anterior column(94.22,74.22) are significantly higher than that of acetabular posterior column.