Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide use in diffuse persistent diabetic macular edema

PurposeTo determine the efficacy of intravitreal triamcinolone injections (iv TA) for diffuse persistent diabetic macular oedema (DMO) based on the functional parameter of modification in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and the anatomic parameter of quantitative changes in central macular thickness, as determined by optical coherence tomography (OCT). The secondary outcome is to analyse the safety of the procedure.MethodsIn this retrospective study, 16 patients (22 eyes) were included over a period of six months. Type and time of evolution of diabetes mellitus, previous treatments, BCVA, lens status, intraocular pressure (IOP) and central macular thickness, were analysed. During the follow-up period were collected: number of injections, changes in BCVA, IOP, central macular thickness, and complications observed.ResultsImprovement in BCVA was recorded in 30.77%, 47.37% and 52.63%, at one, three and six months, respectively (P<.05 at 3 months). The IOP increased in 57.69% at one month, and 75 and 47.05%, at 3 and 6 months, respectively (P<.05 at 3 months). Progression of cataracts was found in 22.72%. No cases of endophthalmitis were observed.ConclusionsIntravitreal TA is a good therapeutic option for patients with persistent DMO, increasing BCVA and decreasing central macular thickness in the short term, with a percentage of clinical resolution of more than 70%. However, due to the transient effect, and potential adverse effects, it should be administered to selected refractory cases with caution.