1168例泌尿系结石患者结石成分分析及其饮食预防指导

目的:研究不同性别以及不同年龄段泌尿系结石患者结石成分组成特点,并探讨针对性饮食预防指导的措施及其效果。方法:回顾分析我院2011年1月~2012年5月收集的尿石症患者结石标本共1 168例,进行红外光谱结石成分分析,并针对不同的结石成分给予不同的饮食预防指导,911例执行饮食预防指导为预防组,257例未遵循饮食预防指导为对照组,随访24个月,并将不同结石成分类型及随访时段进行对比分析。结果:1 168份结石标本中,发生率最高的结石种类为草酸钙与碳酸磷灰石的混合结石,中年(41~60岁)为结石高发年龄段,占整个结石患者一半以上。随访患者中,预防组结石复发率约7.2%,对照组结石复发率为27.6%,饮食预防时间与结石复发率呈现负相关,差异有统计学意义。结论:草酸钙结石与碳酸磷灰石的混合结石发生率最高。男性发病率略高于女性。结石发病率在不同年龄段不同,其中中年发病率最高。针对性给予饮食预防指导可明显降低结石复发的风险。

Urinary stone composition and dietary prevention guidance of 1168 cases

Objective：To study the different stone composition characteristics of different sexes and ages of patients with urinary calculi,and to explore specific dietary prevention guidance and their effects.Method：A total of1168 cases of stone specimens were collected from January 2011 to May 2012 in our centre.All stone specimens were analyzed by infrared spectra.Different dietary prevention guidance was given to patients according to different stone compositions.Preventive group included 911 cases who received dietary guidance,while control group included 257 patients who were not given dietary prevention guidance.The follow-up period was 24 months.Result：Calcium oxalate stones mixed with carbonated apatite were the highest incidence of stone types.Middle age（41-60years）was the high incidence age of stones and the percentage was more than half.All patients were divided into two groups.The recurrence rate of patients who were compliance with the dietary guidance was 7.2%,and the others was 27.6%.The difference was statistically significant.Conclusion：It is shown that calcium oxalate stones mixed with carbonated apatite are the main components of urinary stones.The incidence of male was slightly higher than female.The incidence of stones varies in different ages,and the highest incidence is in middle age.Targeted dietary prevention guidance can reduce the risk of stone recurrence.