职业接触甲醛对工人神经行为功能的影响

[目的]评价职业接触甲醛对暴露工人精神情绪和神经行为功能的影响。[方法]调查分析昆山市存在甲醛职业危害企业18家,采用WHO推荐的神经行为功能测试组合,对65名甲醛接触工人和70名对照组工人进行神经行为功能测试。[结果]18家企业甲醛平均浓度为0.43mg,mg/m~3,最高达3.11 mg/m~3,超标暴露点达29.1%。暴露组工人数字跨度、视觉保留、正确打点数和二次打点总和低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);紧张一焦虑、抑郁一沮丧升高,有力一好动项降低,与对照组比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。[结论]长期职业性接触甲醛可导致工人明显精神情绪和神经行为改变,为暴露工人的早期损害提供了两个有意义的标志。

Effects of Formaldehyde on the Neurobehavioral Function in Occupational Exposure Population

[Objective]To study the neurobehavioral function of the population occupational exposed to formaldehyde. [Methods]18 enterprices where occupational formaldehyde exposure exists have been surveyed,in which 65 workers exposed to formaldehyde were selected to test their neurobehavoural function,and other 70 non-exposed garment workers were taken as control.The WHO-recommended Neurobehavioral Core Test Battery (WHO-NCTB) tests were applied in the study.[Results] The average concentration of formaldehyde in the air of workplaces was 0.43 mg/m~3,29.1% of the air samples exceeded the Occupational Exposure Limit(OEL)with a maximun concentration of 3.11 mg/m~3.Significant differences found between exposure group and control group in teams of digit span,vision reservation,aiming test,with a lower average in exposed workers than controls(P<0.05).However,stress,depression were all higher(P<0.05).[Conclusion]Long term occupational exposure to formaldehyde may cause apparent changes in the speed and accuracy of adjusting exercise.Neurobehavioral function tests may be the early detection tool for assessing the clinical effects among workers exposed to occupational hazards.