高血压并脑出血患者医院下呼吸道感染原因分析

目的探讨高血压并脑出血患者医院下呼吸道感染发生的特点以及找出有效地防治措施。方法对2002年1月~2004年12月高血压并脑出血出院患者发生医院感染的部位、原因、细菌培养结果、药物敏感率进行回顾性调查和分析。结果高血压并脑出血患者发生医院下呼吸道感染率为55.55%,下呼吸道感染主要因素与神经源性肺水肿、应激性高血糖、球麻痹等有关;感染主要病原菌以革兰阴性菌为主。结论高血压并脑出血患者下呼吸道感染是由多种因素相互作用有关,严格掌握使用抗菌药物的原则和注意无菌操作可降低感染率。

Lower Respiratory Tract Infection in Patients with Cerebral Hemorrhage and Hypertension

OBJECTIVE To study the characteristic of the lower respiratory tract infection in patients with the cerebral hemorrhage and hypertension,and find out the measures of prevention and control. METHODS The discharged patients with the cerebral hemorrhage and hypertension from Jan 2002 to Dec 2004 underwent retrospective investigation and analysis for the sites and reasons and the results of bacterial culture. RESULTS The incidence of the lower respiratory tract infection in patients with the cerebral hemorrhage and hypertension was 55.55%.Major infection factors correlated with neurogenic pulmonary edema, irritable hyperglycemia,bulbar paralysis,etc.The Gram-nagative bacteria were predominant among the pathogens. CONCLUSIONS The infections are interrelated with many factors.Abiding by the principle of using antibiotic and the strict aseptic manipulation may reduce the occurrence of the infection,but treating the primary affection and the comprehensive therapy are important measures for reducing infection.