中国农村地区婴幼儿辅食添加状况

对较贫困农村地区 146 49名 4～ 2 4月龄婴幼儿的辅食添加情况进行分析 ,结果显示婴幼儿平均从出生后 6个月开始添加食物 ,约 1 3的婴幼儿在 4～ 6个月开始添加 ,有 16 4%的婴幼儿在 4个月以前就添加了谷类食物 ;大多数婴幼儿 (74 4% )从 7个月开始每天进食谷类食物 ,蔬菜水果类食物的摄入频率随着年龄的增加有所增加 ,但 1岁以后也只有 5 0 %的的婴幼儿能够每天食用蔬菜水果。蛋白质类食物的摄入频率较低 ,1岁以上婴幼儿能够每天食用的占 38% ,有 15 8%的婴幼儿从未添加过肉蛋类及豆制品类食物。农村地区的大多数婴幼儿是以母乳喂养的 ,但断奶以后只有 2 0 %的婴幼儿能够每天饮奶 ;婴幼儿的食物摄入情况受家庭食物状况的影响 ,随着年龄的增加 ,影响程度增加 ;婴幼儿辅食添加的状况直接影响婴幼儿的生长发育 ,长期不合理的喂养模式 ,就会造成营养不良。应通过营养教育 ,提高婴幼儿看护人的营养知识 ,及时合理地添加辅食对婴幼儿的生长发育非常重要。

Complementary feeding practice in Chinese rural children

The information of complementary foods consumed by 14649 children aged from 4 to 24 months in poor rural areas was analyzed.On average, it was at 6 months old for children to start complementary feeding. Approximately one third of children started complementary feeding at 4-6 months old and 16 4% children were fed cereal foods before 4 months old. Only 50% of children aged 12 months and above consumed vegetables/fruits daily and 38% of them consumed animal foods. However, 15 8% children never ate animal foods, and 20% children were fed formula milk daily after weaning time. The impact of family dietary pattern on children's diet increased along with the growth of children. It is obvious that the irrational food pattern would undermine growth of children and such diet behavior would eventually result in malnutrition.Poor complementary feeding practice in some selected rural areas in China played a negative role on children's growth. Hence, nutrition education to the mothers and caretaker should be emphasized so that to improve their awareness of the importance of good nutrition practice and guide them to feed weaning children reasonably.