杭州市老年人群心血管事件发生风险的危险因素及相关预防干预对策研究

目的探讨杭州市老年人群心血管事件发生风险的危险因素,制定预防干预措施对策提供依据。方法选取2015年2月至2019年2月在我院进行健康体检的老年人278例作为研究对象,统计心血管事件发生情况,并收集相关资料,分析心血管事件发生风险的危险因素。结果278例健康体检的老年人中心血管事件高危风险者100例,发生率35.97%;2组性别、婚姻状况、文化程度及人均收入对比,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与无心血管事件风险者比较,年龄(≥80岁)、收缩压(异常)、空腹血糖(异常)、总胆固醇(异常)、吸烟、饮酒占比较高,运动习惯占比较低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);经Logistic分析,年龄(≥80岁)、收缩压(异常)、空腹血糖(异常)、总胆固醇(异常)、吸烟、饮酒为老年人心血管事件风险发生的危险因素(OR>1,P<0.05);而运动习惯为老年人心血管事件风险发生的保护因素(OR<1,P<0.05)。结论收缩压、年龄、空腹血糖、总胆固醇、吸烟、饮酒及运动习惯为老年人心血管事件风险发生的影响因素,需采取对应干预措施,控制心血管事件发生率。

Risk factors of cardiovascular events in elderly population in Hangzhou and related strategies of prevention and intervention

Objective To investigate the risk factors of cardiovascular events in the elderly population in Hangzhou,and to provide evidence for the prevention and intervention.Methods A total of 278 elderly subjects,who underwent physical examination in our hospital between February 2015 and February 2019,were included in the study.The incidence of cardiovascular events was determined and the relevant data were collected to analyze the risk factors for cardiovascular events.Results Of the 278 elderly subjects,100 were at high risk of cardiovascular events,with an incidence of 35.97%.There were no statistically significant differences in gender,marital status,education level and per capita income between the two groups(all P>0.05).Compared with those without risk of cardiovascular events,the subjects at rish were more likely to have advanced age(≥80 years old),abnormality in systolic blood pressure,fasting blood glucose and total cholesterols,smoking habit,and alcohol consumption,whereas less likely to keep exercise habits,with statistically significant differences(all P<0.05).Logistic analysis showed that age(≥80 years),systolic blood pressure(abnormality),fasting blood glucose(abnormality),total cholesterol(abnormality),smoking,and alcohol consumption were risk factors for cardiovascular events(OR>1,all P<0.05),whereas exercise habits were protective factors for cardiovascular events in the elderly(OR<1,all P<0.05).Conclusion Systolic blood pressure,age,fasting blood glucose,total cholesterol,smoking,alcohol consumption and exercise habits are the influencing factors of cardiovascular events in the elderly.Relevant intervention should be taken to control the incidence of cardiovascular events.