Safety assessment of high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as an ingredient added to cigarette tobacco |
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Authors: | Mari S. Stavanja Paul H. Ayres Daniel R. Meckley Elizabeth R. Bombick Michael F. Borgerding Michael J. Morton Charles D. Garner Deborah H. Pence James E. Swauger |
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Affiliation: | Scientific and Regulatory Affairs, Research and Development, R.J. Reynolds Tobacco Company, Bowman Gray Technical Center, P.O. Box, Winston-Salem, NC 27102-1487, USA. stavanm@rjrt.com |
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Abstract: | A tiered testing strategy has been developed to evaluate the potential for new ingredients, tobacco processes, and technological developments to alter the biological activity that results from burning tobacco. A series of studies was initially conducted with cigarettes containing 3% high fructose corn syrup (HFCS) as an alternate tobacco casing material to corn syrup/invert sugar, including determination of selected mainstream cigarette smoke (MS) constituent yields, Ames assay, sister chromatid exchange (SCE) assay in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells, a 30-week dermal tumor-promotion evaluation of cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) in SENCAR mice, and a 13-week subchronic inhalation study of MS in Sprague-Dawley rats. A second series of studies was conducted with cigarettes containing 3%, 4% and 5% HFCS including MS chemistry, Ames assay, SCE assay in CHO cells, and a neutral red cytotoxicity assays. Collectively, mainstream smoke chemistry, genotoxicity, dermal tumor-promotion, and inhalation toxicity studies demonstrated no differences between cigarettes with 3% HFCS and cigarettes with 3% corn syrup/invert sugar. Also, mainstream smoke chemistry and genotoxicity of cigarettes with 4% and 5% HFCS were not different from cigarettes with 3% HFCS. In conclusion, the addition of up to 5% HFCS to cigarette does not alter the mainstream smoke chemistry or biological activity of mainstream smoke or mainstream smoke condensate as compared to cigarettes with 3% corn syrup/invert sugar with regard to the parameters investigated and presented. |
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Keywords: | Cigarette smoke Cigarette smoke condensates High fructose corn syrup |
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