自噬与糖尿病骨骼肌病变

骨骼肌占人类体成分的40％～ 50％,是摄取和利用葡萄糖的重要组织,70％的葡萄糖通过胰岛素依赖的方式被骨骼肌摄取;同时骨骼肌也是2型糖尿病患者发生胰岛素抵抗的重要靶组织.现有研究发现,2型糖尿病患者骨骼肌内细胞器发生重构、外膜细胞退化及凋亡、肌膜下线粒体减少、肌细胞内脂质沉积、慢肌纤维与快肌纤维比值降低等,在临床上表现为胰岛素抵抗、骨骼肌萎缩等糖尿病骨骼肌肌病特征.糖尿病骨骼肌病变的发病机制至今不甚明确,自噬可能是主要原因之一.

Autophagy in diabetic myopathy

Skeletal muscles serving as important organizations of the uptake and utilization of glucose, constitute 40%-50% of human body composition and account for nearly 70% glucose under insulinstimulated conditions. Skeletal muscles are also major target tissues of insulin resistance in type 2 diabetic patients.In subjects with diabetes,it appears that the organelles of skeletal muscles reconstruction, degeneration and apoptosis of pericytes, decrease of mitochondria under muscle membrane,lipid deposition in muscle cells as well as the decrease of the ratio of slow-twitch fiber and fast-twitch fiber,which induce insulin resistance, skeletal muscle atrophy and the other abnormalities. However, the exact mechanisms of diabetic myopathy are not clear so far. Autophagy may be one of the primary factors.