Thyroid neoplasia risk is increased nearly 30 years after the Chernobyl accident |
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| Authors: | Alina V. Brenner Tetiana Bogdanova Victor Shpak Elizabeth K. Cahoon Vladimir Drozdovitch Mark P. Little Valeriy Tereshchenko Galyna Zamotayeva Galyna Terekhova Lyudmila Zurnadzhi Maureen Hatch Kiyohiko Mabuchi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD;2. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MDM.T. and A.V.B. contributed equally to this work;3. Laboratory of Morphology of Endocrine System, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyiv, Ukraine;4. Department of Medical Consequences of the Chernobyl accident and International Cooperation, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyiv, Ukraine;5. Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD;6. Laboratory of Endocrine Regulation of Immunogenesis, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyiv, Ukraine;7. Department of General Endocrine Pathology, Institute of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Kyiv, Ukraine |
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| Abstract: | To evaluate risk of thyroid neoplasia nearly 30 years following exposure to radioactive iodine (I‐131) from the 1986 Chernobyl nuclear accident, we conducted a fifth cycle of thyroid screening of the Ukrainian‐American cohort during 2012–2015, following four previous screening cycles started in 1998. We identified 47 thyroid cancers (TC) and 33 follicular adenomas (FA) among 10,073 individuals who were <18 years at the time of the accident and had a mean I‐131 dose of 0.62 Gy. We found a significant I‐131 dose response for both TC and FA, with an excess odd ratio per Gy of 1.36 (95% CI: 0.39–4.15) and 2.03 (95% CI: 0.55–6.69), respectively. The excess risk of malignant and benign thyroid neoplasia persists nearly three decades after exposure and underscores the importance of continued follow‐up of this cohort to characterize long‐term pattern of I‐131 risk. |
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| Keywords: | Chernobyl nuclear accident radiation epidemiology cohort studies cross‐sectional studies thyroid neoplasms |
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