9 962例住院急性呼吸道感染儿童的腺病毒感染的特征分析

目的 分析住院儿童急性呼吸道感染中腺病毒感染的特点,为儿童呼吸道感染的防治提供参考。方法 选取2016年12月-2018年12月河北省儿童医院收治的9 962例急性呼吸道感染患儿为研究对象。对入组病例采用RT-PCR法对患儿鼻咽部分泌物进行包括腺病毒在内的病原体检测,对其中腺病毒的检出率和临床特征进行分析。结果 腺病毒总检出率为4.78％(476/9 962),男女童检出率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);各年龄段检出率差异有统计学意义(χ²=160.042,P<0.001);两年中最高检出率均为11月份。两年腺病毒感染疾病构成比差异无统计学意义(P>20.05),支气管肺炎是首要诊断;腺病毒所致呼吸道感染总混合感染为61.76%(294/476),各诊断混合感染率比较差异有统计学意义(χ²=31.398,P<0.001)。结论 腺病毒是本地区儿童呼吸道感染常见病原,其发病高峰是11月份,可导致全呼吸道症状,支气管肺炎在各年龄段均是首位诊断,腺病毒感染具有较高的混合感染率,随呼吸道感染向下蔓延混合感染率呈上升趋势。

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics analysis of adenovirus infection in 9 962 hospitalized children with acute respiratory tract infection

Objective To describe the characteristics of adenovirus infection in children with acute respiratory infection, so as to provide reference for the treatment and prevention of acute respiratory infection in children. Methods From December 2016 to December 2018, a total of 9 962 children with acute respiratory infection in Hebei Children′s Hospital were enrolled in this study.The pathogens including adenovirus were detected by RT-PCR in children′s nasopharyngeal secretions, and the detection rate and clinical characteristics of adenovirus were analyzed. Results The total detection rate of adenovirus was 4.78%(176/9 962), and there was no significant difference between male and female(P＞0.05).There was significant difference in detection rate among different age groups(χ²=160.042, P<0.001).The highest detection rate in 2016—2018 was in November.There was no significant difference in the composition ratio of adenovirus infection during the two years(P>0.05), and bronchopneumonia was the major diagnosis.The total mixed infection rate of respiratory tract infection caused by adenovirus was 61.76%(294/476), and there was a significant difference in the mixed infection rate of each diagnosis(χ²=31.398, P<0.001). Conclusions Adenovirus is a common pathogen of respiratory tract infection in children in local area of Hebei, with a peak in November, causing symptoms of whole respiratory tract.Bronchopneumonia is the first diagnosis in all age groups.Adenovirus infections have a high rate of co-infection, with a rising trend of co-infection as respiratory infections spread downward.