Causes analysis of 652 hospital stays in patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease

Objective To analyze the causes of 652 hospitalizations in the patients with autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD). Methods The medical records of all ADPKD inpatients in our hospital from January 1, 1990 to December 31, 2010 were collected. The differences of hospitalization causes in different age, gender and period were analyzed. Results (1)In 652 hospitalizations, the most common cause was lumbar pain (15.2%), followed by cystic bleeding (14.6%), aggravating renal failure (10.1%), dialysis-related problems (9.4%), renal transplant related issues (8.3%), renal replacement therapy for ESRD (8.0%), urinary tract infection (6.4%), end stage renal failure (5.8%), hypertension (4.1%), renal cyst volume enlargement (3.7%), finding polycystic kidney disease (2.1%), urinary lithiasis (1.8%) and others (10.4%). (2)Younger patients were admitted into hospital because of polycystic kidney bleeding and finding PKD. With the increase of patients age, hospitalization due to dialysis-related problems increased, while many middle-aged patients were hospitalized because of back pain. (3)Male patients were admitted into hospital for aggravating renal failure, ESRD, kidney transplantation-related problems and urinary lithiasis, while female patients mainly for lumbar pain, dialysis-related problems and urinary tract infection. (4)The proportion was significantly reduced with time of finding PKD, renal failure and polycystic kidney bleeding, the proportion of renal cysts increasing and aggravating renal failure increased, there was a significant increase in the proportion of patients with hypertension, while a significant decrease in the proportion of patients with uncontrolled hypertension, and the average SBP was also significantly reduced. Conclusions The highest rate of hospitalization of ADPKD patients is in 40 to 60 age group. Cause of admission varies with age and gender, and changes with the change of time. Over the past decade, the proportion of hospitalization due to renal cysts enlargement and renal failure aggravation increased significantly. The incidence of hypertension is higher than that in the first 10 years, but hypertension control rate increases compared with the previous. Prevention should focus on finding the suppression measures of renal cysts enlargement.