Hepatitis B and vaccination in emergency physicians |
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| Authors: | K V Iserson E A Criss A L Wright |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Virology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;2. Division of Infection and Immunity, University College London, London, United Kingdom;3. Department of Hepatology, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;4. Emergency Department, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom;1. Department of Emergency Medicine, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA;2. Clinical Research Center, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA;3. Department of Infectious Disease, University Hospitals, Cleveland, OH, USA;4. University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA;5. Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH, USA;6. MetroHealth Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA;1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;2. Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada;3. ICES, Toronto, Canada;4. Women''s College Hospital, Toronto, Canada;5. Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada;6. Department of Health & Society, University of Toronto Scarborough, Toronto, Canada |
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| Abstract: | The seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers in emergency physicians has been shown to be approximately 13%, roughly three times the prevalence in the general population. Frequent contact with blood and body secretions of potentially infectious patients undoubtedly is a major factor in the increased seroprevalence and risk of hepatitis B. The potential sequelae of HBV infection include chronic active hepatitis, cirrhosis, primary hepatocellular carcinoma, and development of the chronic carrier state, any of which may have a devastating impact on the personal health and professional career of the emergency physician. A vaccine against hepatitis B has been available since 1982 and has been found to be effective in approximately 90% of vaccinees. The vaccine is generally well tolerated; the most common side effects are reactions at the injection site, although systemic side effects may occur. The risk of serious illness due to the vaccine is very low. Using a risk/benefit analysis to assess the risks of hepatitis B and the risks and benefits of HBV vaccination, it is clear that HBV vaccination should be accepted by the emergency physician to minimize the risk of contracting hepatitis B. |
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