腹部器官联合移植患者长期存活的临床观察

目的总结腹部器官联合移植患者长期存活的临床经验。方法我院从2001年10月至2005年1月共施行19例腹部器官联合移植术,其中胰肾联合移植6例,肝肾联合移植12例,肝胰十二指肠联合移植1例,术后随访10个月～3年8个月,分析总结腹部器官联合移植患者的原发疾病种类,长期存活的影响因素和器官联合移植的免疫学特点。结果19例患者手术均获成功,18例获随访,16例至今存活,2例肝肾联合移植患者死亡,其中1例术后1年6个月死于心肌梗死,1例术后1年1个月死于肺部巨细胞病毒感染。1例肝肾联合移植和2例胰肾联合移植患者各发生1次急性排斥反应,2例肝肾联合移植患者发生他克莫司中毒。18例患者中存活3年以上者4例,2年以上者7例,1年以上者6例,10个月以上者1例。结论腹部器官联合移植是治疗腹部两个器官衰竭的有效办法,影响患者术后长期存活的因素包括选择合适的受者,优质的供体器官,避免外科并发症,术前心肌梗死病史,免疫抑制方案和术后远期病毒感染等。腹部器官联合移植有不同于单器官移植的免疫学特点。

Clinical observation on long-term surviving patients after combined abdominal organ transplantation

OBJECTIVE: To summarize the treatment experience of long-term surviving patients after combined abdominal organ transplantation. METHODS: From October 2001 to January 2005, 19 patients received combined abdominal organ transplantation in Nanfang Hospital, including 6 with simultaneous kidney-pancreas transplantation (SKPT), 12 with combined liver-kidney transplantation (CLKT), and 1 with simultaneous liver-pancreas transplantation (SLPT). The periods of follow up were from 6 months to 3 years and 8 months. Summarize primary diseases of the patients, factors which impacted on patients long-term survival rate, and immunological characteristics of combined abdominal organ transplantation. RESULTS: All of 19 transplant cases were performed successfully. Among then, 18 were followed up; 16 survived till now; 2 patients undergoing liver-kidney transplantation were dead, one of which died from myocardial infarction in the 18 months after operation, and one died from cytomegalovirus in infection of lung in 13 months; 1 liver-kidney transplantation patient and 2 pancreas-liver transplantation patients experienced acute rejection once; 2 patients were found nephrotoxicity. Among the 18 patients, 4 patients' survival time were over 3 years, 7 over 2 years, 6 over 1 year, 1 over 10 months. CONCLUSIONS: Combined abdominal organ transplantation is effective for treatment of two abdominal organ failure diseases. Factors which impact on patients long-term surviving include choosing suitable recipient, high quality of donated organ, avoidance of surgical complication, the history of myocardial infarction before operation, immunosuppressive regime and virus infection late after transplantation. Combined abdominal organ transplantation has some different immunological characteristics from single organ transplantation.