1992～2001年部队肺结核发病特点和趋势分析

目的 分析近10年来部队肺结核发病特点和报告情况，为部队肺结核防治提供参考。方法 肺结核的诊断按国家统一标准。数据资料来源于全军疾病监测中心的疫情报告数据库。用军队疾病监测信息管理系统以及EpiInfo、SPSS、Excel软件进行统计分析，并计算季节指数以分析时间发病趋势。结果 1992～2001年全军共报告肺结核14331例，10年期间均居报告传染病的第3位；1996年以前，肺结核发病数逐年升高，1996年以后，逐年降低；所有病例中，男性占92.31％，干部占25.64％，战士占66.07％，发病年龄以19～25岁居多；发病时间以5～10月份较高；28.13％的病例发病1月后才就诊，近30％的病例报告延迟超过5d。结论 近10年部队肺结核发病仍较严重，发病特点与部队人群构成有关，部队肺结核存在就诊延迟和报告不及时的问题，建议在病例的发现、报告、治疗管理等方面采取综合措施，控制部队肺结核的蔓延。

FEATURES AND TRENDS OF PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS IN THE ARMY FROM 1992 to 2001

Objective To analyze the features and rules of pulmonary tuberculosis in the army, to provide useful information for the disease control and prevention. Methods Pulmonary tuberculosis was diagnosed according to the state standard. The data from databank of Military Disease Surveillance System were analyzed using EpiInfo and Excel software. Seasonal indexes were calculated to analyze time trend.Results Altogether 14 331 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were reported from 1992 to 2001,ranking third among the notified infectious diseases in the army. There were increasing case reports before 1996 and decreasing reports after 1996. Of all the cases, 92.31% were male, 25.64% were officers,and 66.07% soldiers. The time trend analysis indicated that there were higher incidences from May to October in every year. The analysis also showed that 28.13% of the cases sought medical care one month after the onset of disease and about 30% of the cases were reported over 5 days. Conclusion Pulmonary tuberculosis remained to be severe in army in recent ten years. The features were related to the population charteristics in the army. The delay in seeking medical care and case report was the major problem in the army. Comprehensive measures including finding and reporting the case without delay, rational therapy and management should be taken to control the spread of disease.